| 苔草草丘恢复湿地的景观格局变化——以哈尔滨太阳岛为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 齐清,刘晓伟,佟守正,张冬杰,王雪宏,薛振山,安雨.苔草草丘恢复湿地的景观格局变化——以哈尔滨太阳岛为例[J].生态学报,2019,39(14):5261-5267. |
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| 作者姓名： | 齐清 刘晓伟 佟守正 张冬杰 王雪宏 薛振山 安雨 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所;中国科学院大学;东北师范大学地理科学学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41871101）；吉林省科技发展计划项目（20190201115JC） |
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| 摘 要： | 湿地景观变化是湿地生态学领域研究的重要内容。湿地景观要素在不同时间和空间的变化过程研究是揭示湿地演变规律,开展生态恢复实践的重要科学基础。以哈尔滨太阳岛苔草草丘恢复湿地为例,采用野外调查与3S技术相结合的方法,选取草丘面积、斑块形状特征、草丘数量及形态特征等指标,探究草丘湿地恢复过程中的景观变化,为开展湿地恢复提供了重要的科学依据。结果表明:经过8年的恢复,苔草草丘景观变化明显。草丘数量增多,丘墩高度、直径、植株高度、冠幅显著增加(P0.05);湿地恢复后,苔草群落向外扩展722 m~2,苔草草丘总面积达2222 m~2,扩展率为48.13%;在湿地微地貌和水文条件等因素的综合作用下,草丘群落扩展方向具有一定规律性,斑块边界和质心分别向西南方向扩展了29.91 m和迁移了5.9 m,扩展度和曲线边界比重不断增加,斑块形状和边界趋于复杂,景观空间异质性增强;利用根茎克隆繁殖结合水位调控可实现苔草草丘的快速恢复。
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| 关 键 词： | 苔草草丘 景观变化 恢复过程 湿地 太阳岛 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/9/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/4/2 0:00:00 |
Analysis of landscape pattern changes of restored tussock wetland in Sun Island, Harbin, China |
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| QI Qing,LIU Xiaowei,TONG Shouzheng,ZHANG Dongjie,WANG Xuehong,XUE Zhenshan and AN Yu.Analysis of landscape pattern changes of restored tussock wetland in Sun Island, Harbin, China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2019,39(14):5261-5267. |
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| Authors: | QI Qing LIU Xiaowei TONG Shouzheng ZHANG Dongjie WANG Xuehong XUE Zhenshan and AN Yu |
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| Institution: | Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China and Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China |
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| Abstract: | Changes of wetland landscape is an essential component of wetland ecology. Study of the temporal and spatial changes of landscape elements provides the scientific foundation for revealing the rule of wetland evolution and carrying out ecological restoration practices. We selected the restored Carex appendiculata tussock wetland in Sun Island as the study area and used 3S technology and filed survey to clarify the characteristics of the spatial and temporal variations in landscape patterns during restoration succession. The area of tussock wetland, expansion rate, shape, number, and morphological characteristics of tussock were determined for analysing the landscape pattern changes of tussock wetland across restoration processes. The results showed that the landscape pattern changed significantly after 8-year restoration:1) The number, height and diameter of tussocks, as well as the plant height and crown width greatly increased (P < 0.05). 2) The area of tussock wetland was increased by about 722 m2 with an expansion rate of 48.13%, and the total area of restored tussock wetland reached 2222 m2. 3) The combined effect of microtopography and hydrology led to regular expansion in the Carex tussock community. The patch boundary and centroid expanded 29.91 m and migrated 5.9 m to the low-lying southwest, respectively. Additionally, the increasing development (D) and weight of curve boundary (W) indicated that the shape and boundary of a patch tended to be complex, and thus enhancing landscape heterogeneity. 4) Rapid recovery of Carex tussock can be achieved by rhizome reproduction accompanied with water-level regulation. |
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| Keywords: | Carex tussock landscape change restoration process wetland Sun Island |
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