流域生态风险评价研究进展

流域生态风险评价是流域生态环境保护与管理的重要研究内容,与一般的区域生态风险评价相比,具有其独特的流域特征。在已有研究基础上,对流域生态风险评价进行了概念界定与特征分析,并按照风险源、生态受体、生态终点的分类标准对流域生态风险评价进行了类型划分,简要评述了流域生态风险评价的相关研究主题,并尝试构建反映流域时空尺度变化规律的生态风险评价概念模型。最后针对流域生态风险评价的研究现状,重点讨论了目前存在的不足及未来的研究趋向。

The research progress and prospect of watershed ecological risk assessment

Watershed ecological risk assessment is an important research of watershed eco-environmental protection and management, compared with regional ecological risk assessment, it has distinct watershed characteristics. In this paper, we conduct the concept definition of watershed ecological risk assessment based on the existing research and analyze its characteristics of spatial-temporal scale, heterogeneity, regional correlation and integrity, and make the classification according to the characters of the risk source, ecological receptor, and ecological endpoint. An overview is made on the development progress and related research theme for the watershed ecological risk assessment; there are three main research themes about watershed ecological risk assessment that is water environment, watershed disaster and comprehensive watershed ecological risks. Based on the EPA framework and considering watershed characters, we try to build the conceptual model of watershed ecological risk assessment which can reflect the spatial and temporal changes of the assessment features and construct index system from the three basic elements of ecological risk assessment that is risk sources, habitat and effect. At last, the existing problems and perspectives are given in the paper for current ecological risk assessment.