内蒙古锡林河流域羊草草原15种植物热值特征

通过对生物量约占羊草草原生物量80%的15种主要野生植物地上植株进行分种取样,测定其热值(美国PARR6300型氧弹式热量计进行热值测定)、灰分(干灰化法测定)、矿质元素(iCAP6000型电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定)同时对各项指标的相关性进行分析来探讨内蒙古锡林河流域羊草草原主要植物作为生物燃料供给料的潜力及植物热值对灰分和矿质元素含量的响应情况。结果表明:15种野生植物热值范围为16.19 MJ/kg(木地肤)到20.99 MJ/kg(小叶锦鸡儿),15种植物热值平均值为18.76 MJ/kg,该值高于全世界陆生植物平均热值。15种植物热值高低顺序为:小叶锦鸡儿>早熟禾>大针茅>冰草>羽茅>羊草>中华隐子草>变蒿>芨芨草>菊叶萎陵菜>大籽蒿>冷蒿>狗尾草>银灰旋复花>木地肤。15种野生植物灰分范围20.25%(银灰旋复花)到3.62%(芨芨草),15种植物灰分含量存在显著差异(P<0.05),其高低顺序为银灰旋复花>木地肤>冷蒿>大籽蒿>菊叶萎凌菜>狗尾草>冰草>羊草>早熟禾>中华隐子草>变蒿>羽茅>小叶锦鸡儿>大针茅>芨芨草。Pearson’s相关分析表明热值与灰分之间存在极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),热值和碳之间存在极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),矿质元素与热值之间没有一致的相关关系。内蒙古羊草草原植物热值普遍高于能源植物柳枝稷的热值,这也说明该地区植物具有作为能源植物的潜力。

Characterization of caloric value in fifteen plant species in Leymus chinensis steppe in Xilin River Basin,Inner Mongolia

Grasslands have been recognized as important source of biomass for biofuel production recently. In this study, our objective was to assess the potential supply of biofuel production of main plants in Leymus chinensis steppe in Xilin River Basin,Inner Mongolia. And we also wanted to understand how will the caloric value respond to ash content and other mineral elements composition. We charaterizing their correlationships. We determined the caloric value(Testing by the Parr6300 calorimeter produced by U.S), ash content(Testing by the quick determination method), concentrations of carbon(Testing by the K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ oxidation method), nitrogen(Testing by the Kjeldahl procedure) and mineral nelements(Testing by Microwave Digestion-ICP) of fifteen native plant species. These tested species, which were selected in August 2009, are most commonly found in Leymus chinensis steppe and account for more than 80% of totoal community biomass. The results showed that the variables determined varied among the fifteen species to different extent. The caloric value ranged from 16.19 MJ/kg in Kochia prostrate to 20.99 MJ/kg in Caragana microphylla, with a mean value of 18.76 MJ/kg which is greater than that of worldwide terrestrial plants. And the rank ordering of the fifteen species was Caragana microphylla Lam>Poa annua L.>Stipa baicalensis Roshev>Agropyron cristatum L>Achnatherum sibiricum L>Aneurolepidium chinense Kitag>Cleistogenes squarrosa Keng. >Artemisia commutata L>Achnatherum splendens Nevski>Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd>Artemisia sievrsiana willd>Artemisia frigida Willd>Setaria viridis L>Convolvulus ammannii L>Kochia prostrate L. The ash, which ranged from 3.26% in Achnatherum splendens Nevski to 20.25% in Convolvulus ammannii L, indicated significantly difference at level 0.05 among the fifteen species. And the number of fifteen species was Convolvulus ammannii L> Kochia prostrate L.>Artemisia frigida Willd>Artemisia sievrsiana willd>Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd>Setaria viridis L> Agropyron cristatum L> Aneurolepidium chinense Kitag> Poa annua L>Cleistogenes squarrosa Keng>Artemisia commutata L>Achnatherum sibiricum L>Caragana microphylla Lam>Stipa baicalensis Roshev>Achnatherum splendens Nevski. Calorica value of leguminous plants (Caragana microphylla Lam) was higher than perennial gramineous plants(Caragana microphylla Lam, Poa annua L., Stipa baicalensis Roshev, Agropyron cristatum L, Achnatherum sibiricum L., Cleistogenes squarrosa Keng), and the caloric value of Kochia prostrate L. was the lowest. Pearson's correlationship analyses revealed a negatively significant correlation between caloric value and ash content (P < 0.01), while a positively significant correlation btween caloric value and carbon concentration (P < 0.01). However, there were no consistent relationships found between caloric value and concentrations of mineral elements. The greater caloric value of the steppe grasses showed in this study, compared with that of switchgrass which is one of most promising biofuel crops, indicates provides an evedent that the grassland has a potential for bioenergy production, especially leguminous plants and perennial gramineous plants. Such as Caragana microphylla Lam, Poa annua L., Stipa baicalensis Roshev, Agropyron cristatum L, Achnatherum sibiricum L, Cleistogenes squarrosa Keng and so on.