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云南不同土壤铅背景值下大叶茶种群对铅的吸收积累特征及其遗传分化
引用本文:刘声传,段昌群,李振华,梁名志,罗显扬.云南不同土壤铅背景值下大叶茶种群对铅的吸收积累特征及其遗传分化[J].生态学报,2011,31(8):2253-2262.
作者姓名:刘声传  段昌群  李振华  梁名志  罗显扬
作者单位:1. 云南大学环境科学与生态修复研究所暨云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室培育甚地,昆明,650091;贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵阳,550006
2. 云南大学环境科学与生态修复研究所暨云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室培育甚地,昆明,650091
3. 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,勐海,666201
4. 贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵阳,550006
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)
摘    要:在具有不同土壤铅(Pb)背景值的云南大叶茶主产区,分析了11个大叶茶种群(简写为P1, P2, …… P11)所在地的土壤Pb含量,相应各种群的老、嫩叶Pb含量和富集系数,并利用ISSR分子标记研究了这些种群的遗传特征,以期认识不同大叶茶种群在不同Pb背景值下对Pb的吸收积累特征及其遗传分化状况。结果表明:(1)在本研究区域内,大叶茶种群间土壤Pb含量、老叶和嫩叶Pb含量、富集系数差异显著,土壤有效Pb、嫩叶Pb含量分别在0.78—15.20mg/kg和2.03—7.02 mg/kg之间,嫩叶Pb富集系数变化范围为0.001—0.24;种群内差异小,例如P6种群内嫩叶Pb含量在2.82—2.84 mg/kg之间,嫩叶Pb富集系数变幅为0.09—0.10。(2)筛选的10个ISSR引物扩增出81条带,平均多态位点百分率(PPB)为75.25%;Shannon’s指数(I)估算出种群间的变异为34.28%,利用POPGENE软件计算出种群间遗传分化系数GST为0.3116,分子方差分析(AMOVA)也显示种群间变异占35.37%(P<0.001),表明不同种群的大叶茶出现了遗传分化。(3)UPGMA聚类分析发现,11个种群可分为5个类群,对Pb吸收累积能力高的与能力低的种群在聚类分析中存在明显分异;相关性分析表明,土壤有效Pb含量与PPB、I、Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)的 Pearson相关系数r分别为-0.633,-0.786,-0.581(P<0.05),土壤有效Pb含量与大叶茶种群遗传多样性水平程度不同呈负相关。讨论分析认为,在土壤Pb高背景值条件下,部分大叶茶种群遗传多样性水平降低,不同种群对Pb的吸收累积能力存在明显差异,种群间出现了显著的遗传分化。对低铅富集的遗传分化现象的深入研究将可能为遴选拒吸收污染物的洁净种质、在污染条件下进行无公害生产提供新途径。

关 键 词:大叶茶    吸收累积  遗传多样性  遗传分化
收稿时间:4/2/2010 6:50:27 AM
修稿时间:2/28/2011 6:21:30 PM

Genetic differentiation and the characteristics of uptake and accumulation of lead among Camellia sinensis populations under different background lead concentrations of soils in Yunnan,China
LIU Shengchuan,DUAN Changqun,LI Zhenhu,LIANG Mingzhi and LUO Xianyang.Genetic differentiation and the characteristics of uptake and accumulation of lead among Camellia sinensis populations under different background lead concentrations of soils in Yunnan,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(8):2253-2262.
Authors:LIU Shengchuan  DUAN Changqun  LI Zhenhu  LIANG Mingzhi and LUO Xianyang
Institution:Tea Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Institute of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Restoration & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Yunnan University
Abstract:The elucidation of ecological characteristics of plants growing in the soils with high background concentration of lead (HBCL) is important for the breed selection of low Pd-accumulating cultivar. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the population differentiation of lead uptake and accumulation among cultivated plants growing in the HBCL soils. There are abundant broad-leaved tea plantations that are developed in HBCL area in southwest Yunnan, China. In order to investigate genetic differentiation and characteristics of lead (Pb) uptake and accumulation among different populations of Yunnan broad-leaved tea (Camellia sinensis) growing in the soils with different HBCL soils, we sampled 11 Camellia sinensis populations from different sites, and analyzed Pb concentrations, Pb accumulation coefficients in old and young leaves, and Pb contents in the soils where the Camellia sinensis population samples were obtained. In addition, the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers was used to reveal genetic characteristics of the different populations. The results showed that: (1) Pb concentrations in soils, Pb concentrations and accumulation coefficients of old and young leaves were significantly different among the Camellia sinensis populations. Available Pb concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 15.20mg/kg in soils, and Pb concentrations in young leaves varied from 2.03 mg/kg to 7.02 mg/kg. Pb accumulation coefficients of young leaves were in a range of 0.001-0.24. However, few differences were observed from intra-population. For example, in P6 population, Pb concentrations in young leaves were from 2.82 to 2.84 mg/kg, and Pb accumulation coefficients of young leaves ranged from 0.09 to 0.10. (2) From 11 Camellia sinensis populations 81 bands were amplified with 10 selected ISSR primers, and average polymorphism bands (PPB) were 75.25%. According to the analysis of Shannon's information index (I), 34.28% of genetic variation was presented among populations. The genetic differentiation coefficient (GST) calculated by POPGENE software was 0.3116. The result was accord with estimation of genetic variation by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), which showed 35.37% of the total genetic diversity (P<0. 001) among populations. These data demonstrated that a high proportion of the total genetic differentiation was partitioned among Camellia sinensis populations. (3) By means of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA), the 11 populations were clustered into 5 groups. The populations with different abilities of Pb uptake and accumulation could be classified into different groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient between available soil Pb concentrations and PPB, I, and Nei's genetic diversity index (H) were -0.633, -0.786 and -0.581, respectively, which indicated available Pb concentrations in soils were moderately or highly negatively correlated with genetic diversity. It was concluded that the genetic diversity in some Camellia sinensis populations growing in soils with HBCL decreased. The ability of Pb uptake and accumulation was significantly different in the different populations of Camellia sinensis. Significant genetic differentiation could be detected among the Camellia sinensis populations. The reduction of Pb uptake in plants caused by genetic differentiation may provide a promising pathway for safe food production when farming lands are polluted and have to be cultivated for food.
Keywords:Camellia sinensis  lead  uptake and accumulation  genetic diversity  genetic differentiation
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