蚕豆在重金属污染条件下数量性状的分化研究

运用正交设计方法，经过４代的原位种植实验，研究了在人工控制条件下Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｈｇ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋对同一蚕豆种质在株高、首次开花时间、每株结豆荚数、单位豆荚豆数数（每２０个豆荚）、种子的重量（５０粒）等数量性状的代内和代间分化，实验结果表明，在初始种植代仙，低深度的重金属除使开花时间以外的各数量性状指标程度不同有刺激升高作用；高浓度则使性状明显受到抑制。对于属除使开花时间以外的各数量性

DIFFERENTIATION OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF VICIAFABA CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS

With the orthogonal designing method, the plants of the same variety of Broadbean (Vicia faba L.)were treated with heavy metal ions Pb 2 , Cd 2 , Hg 2 , Zn 2 in successive four generations. Parameters of quantitative characters(PQCs) such as the percentage of survival seedling(PSS), height of plants (HP), the relative time of first blooming(TFB), pods per seeding(PPS), amounts of bean every 20 pods (BEP) and weigth of 50 bean (WB) were investigated. The results showed that all PQCs except TBF went up as affected with low dose of metal ions at the initial generation, and decreased as affected by high dose of metal ions. The plants responded to low dose of metal ions with a small decrease in PQCs or did not come out at the first generation, and then with a significant decrease in PQCs in the second generation. In the proceeding of generations, however, the PQCs recovered to the inital. The toxical response of the plants to high dose metal treatment, in terms of PQCs, appeared in the first generation and then got enhanced in the following one or two generations. Then, similarly, the PQCs recovered to the inital. It might be considered that plants have potential abilities to adapt to environmental pollution, originating from the gene frequency change induced by pollution. Such a gene frequency change reflected the role of pollution in the process of ecological differentiation of the plants.