纸坊沟流域近60年来土地利用景观变化的环境效应

以黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域为研究区 ,对该流域近 6 0 a来的土地利用景观变化的环境效应进行了较为系统的分析研究。结果表明 ,流域环境与土地利用景观变化密切相关。随着由林草植被占优的景观格局演变为由坡耕地占优的景观格局 ,流域环境状况逐步恶化 ,并在 195 8年达到最低点。 1975年后 ,随着流域治理工作的开展 ,林草植被在景观中的优势度得以逐渐恢复 ,并经历了 1995年的较为均衡的过渡阶段后 ,持续增加并重新恢复了其在景观中的优势地位。流域环境状况逐渐恢复乃至接近1938年植被未被破坏时的水平。社会经济环境因素的变化表明 ,生态环境建设不仅仅是单纯的林草植被恢复与重建的过程 ,而是一个生态和社会经济环境相互促进并有机发展和提高的过程。

Impact of landscape changes on environment due to 60 year's land use in a small catchment in Loess Hilly Region on the Loess Plateau

Land use can have impacts on landscape patterns thus affecting many ecological processes and functions, such as soil erosion, soil water and nutrients and hydrological process. Understanding the environmental responses to the changes in these ecological processes is crucial to the sustainable land use planning and environmental construction. Using the GIS techniques and AHP method, the landscape changes and its environmental impact in Zhifanggou catchment were analyzed and evaluated using the data from aeri...