宁夏资源环境绩效及其变动态势

提高资源环境绩效是我国生态脆弱敏感区进行生物修复的核心和关键.利用生态环境状况评价技术规范和资源环境绩效指数(REPI)对我国西部生态环境脆弱区的宁夏回族自治区资源环境绩效进行了系统分析.结果表明:尽管宁夏的资源环境绩效指数水平从2000年的38.7上升为2007年的66.9,年递增8.13%,但远低于全国平均水平和(西藏除外)3个少数民族自治区水平.资源环境综合绩效水平在全国的第30位徘徊.其中建设用地绩效指数和固定资产绩效指数提升明显,COD排放绩效指数呈现"N"型剧烈变动态势;SO_2排放绩效指数、能源绩效指数、工业固体废弃物排放绩效指数、用水绩效指数变动不明显.宁夏面临生态环境的整体不稳定性和对外力干预敏感性的双重压力,资源消耗和污染物排放的下降态势并不稳定.同时,根据近8a变动态势推断,未来15～20a宁夏资源环境综合绩效的提升空间巨大.实施"CIRCLE"(即压缩城市发展(C)、个人行动(I)、减少潜在废弃物量(R)、碳减排战略(C)、土地管理(L)和提高能效(E))等综合发展策略,通过轻量化、绿色化、生态化的互利耦合提升综合竞争力,宁夏完全有能力到2015年步入我国西部资源环境绩效中等水平地区行列.

Research on Ningxia's resource and environmental performance and its changing trends

Improving the resource and environmental performance is at the core of and is the key to bio-restoration in China′s ecologically fragile areas. This essay, adopting the Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation and Resources and Environment Performance Index (REPI), conducted a systematic analysis on the resource and environmental performance of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in western China, a region which is ecologically and environmentally fragile. Through the analysis, it drew following conclusions: Though Ningxia's REPI was improved from 38.7 in 2000 to 66.9 in 2007, it was far below the nation's average level and that of the other three autonomous regions of minority ethnic groups (excluding Tibet), ranking the 30th compared with other provinces and regions most of the time. In its REPI, the Construction Land Performance Index and Fixed Assets Performance Index were improved significantly;the changes of the COD Emissions Performance Index were shown in the shape of an "N";the changes of the other indexes were not obvious such as SO_2 Emissions Performance Index, Energy Performance Index, Industrial Solid Waste Emissions Performance Index, Water Usage Performance Index. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as a whole is facing dual pressures both from its unstable ecological environment and from the sensitivity about interferences from external forces. The declines in resource consumption and pollutant emissions are also not stable. However, at the same time, there is huge space to improve Ningxia′s REPI in the next 15 to 20 years. Adopting the CIRCLE strategy (Compact, Individual, Reduce, Carbon, Land, Efficiency), Ningxia will be able to become a region which REPI ranks in the middle in China′s western areas in 2015.