基于土地利用变化的和田地区生态系统服务价值分析

生态系统服务的可持续利用有利于促进人类福祉。了解土地利用对生态系统服务的影响能为可持续发展生态系统提供科学与针对性指导。基于和田地区2010-2018年土地利用数据，利用单一土地利用动态度，系统分析土地利用变化特征。随后，修改等效系数，并在评估模型中引入支付意愿与支付能力来衡量生态系统服务价值。结果表明：（1）2010-2018年，和田地区土地利用变化较为显著，耕地、城镇村及工矿用地、交通用地均呈增加趋势，园地、林地、草地、水域及未利用地呈减少趋势。（2）在研究期间，研究区生态系统服务价值呈下降趋势，减少了5.89×10⁸元。各地类生态系统服务价值均呈减少趋势，其中水体构成生态系统服务价值的主体。区域生态功能的调节服务 > 支持服务 > 文化服务 > 供给服务，水文调节与废物处理是最主要的单项服务功能。（3）在空间尺度，各县市生态系统服务价值呈减少趋势。民丰县生态系统服务价值最高，和田市生态系统服务价值最低。（4）各土地利用类型的敏感性指数均小于1，说明研究区生态系统服务价值对价值系数缺乏弹性，研究结果可信。研究不仅可以为区域生态补偿提供基础数据，还可以为其他地区开展相关研究工作提供参考。

The ecosystem service value evaluation of Hotan area based on land use changes

The sustainable use of ecosystem services can contribute to enhancing human well-being. Understanding the effects of land use on ecosystem services can provide scientific and targeted guidance for the sustainable use of ecosystem services. The characteristics of land use change were systematically analyzed by using the single land use dynamic degree on the basis of land use change in Hotan area from 2010 to 2018. Subsequently, the equivalent coefficient was modified and willingness to pay and ability to pay were introduced in the evaluation model, which was reconstructed to measure its ecosystem services value. The results showed that (1) Land use changed were more significant in Hotan area from 2010 to 2018. The cultivated land, urban villages, industrial and mining land and transportation land showed an increasing trend, whereas garden land, forest land, grassland, water area, and unused land showed a decreasing trend. (2) During 2010-2018, the total ecosystem service value in the study area has been decreasing, and reduction amounts were about 5.89×10⁸ yuan. The ecosystem service values of land use types were all had a decreasing trend, in which water area had the largest contribution. The regional ecological function adjustment service value was larger than that in support services and in cultural service and in supply service, in which hydrological regulation and waste treatment was the most important single service function. (3) On the spatial scale, the total ecosystem service value for Hotan County significantly decreased. The ecosystem service value for Minfen County was the highest,and that of Hotan city was the lowest. (4) The sensitivity indexes of ecosystem service value coefficient of all land use types were less than 1, indicating that the ecosystem service value was inelastic to the value coefficient, and the results were credible. The above results can not only provide basic data for inter-regional ecological compensation, but also serve as reference cases for other regions to carry out relevant research work.