北京山地森林生态系统服务功能及其价值初步研究

从生态系统服务功能的概念入手，根据观测和研究资料，采用替代工程、市场价值等方法，从两个方面评价了北京山地森林生态系统服务功能的价值。结果表明，面积为4056.64km^2的北京山地森林生态系统的生态服务功能价值每年为167.78亿元，其中涵养水源价值搂91.67%亿元，净化水质价值为15.3亿元，保持土壤价值为2806.92万元，固碳制氧价值为2.24亿元，净化环境价值为48.65亿元，游憩价值为9074.98万元，林果品价值为8.73亿元。

The Forest Ecosystem Services and Their Valuation of Beijing Mountain Areas

The quantitative studies on the ecosystem service function of forests have become a worldwide discussed issue in current days due to the various forest-related environmental problems.This paper attempts to evaluate the forestry ecosystem service benefits of Beijing mountain area and provide data supports to the decision-makers based on the field investigations and researches of more than ten years. Beginning with the concept of forest ecosystem services,the authors adopted the eco-economy evaluation methods and classified the forest ecosystem service of Beijing mountain area into direct and indirect benefits. Direct benefits of forest ecosystem include the income form timber and tree crops products and tourism;indirect ecosystem service of forest is the principal part of its environment protection function and consists of water resource and soil conservation,air and water resource purification,carbon fixation and oxygen production.The studies' results show that average annual forest ecosystem services benefits of Beijing mountain areas,which covers 4056.64km+2,adds up to 16.78 billion yuan (Chinese RMB),of which,direct benefits makes up 5.74% and are about 0.964 billion yuan,which includes about 90.7498 million yuan incom from tourism,about 873 million yuan of the output of standing economic trees and forest products,whereas indirect benefits make up 94.26% and are 15.816 billion yuan,which consist of 9.167 billion yuan of water-holding,1.53 billion yuan of water purification,and about 28.0692 million yuan of soil conservation,about 224 million yuan of carbon fixation and oxygen production,about 4.865 billion yuan of air purification.Compared to the direct benefits of forest ecosystem,indirect benefits are more important for the survival of human being.