风雨对麦长管蚜自然种群发展的干扰作用

麦长管蚜Macrosiphum avenae (Fabricius)是我国重要的农业害虫,给我国的小麦生产造成严重的威胁.经过2006～2008年的系统观测结果表明,风雨气象因素对麦长管蚜种群发展具有显著的影响作用,是突出的关键制约因子.一次6～7级大风(平均风速10 m/s左右)可以显著压制麦长管蚜种群增长的趋势,其种群数量下降65%;在小麦灌浆期的一次强风天气(极大风速达到18.8 m/s),使种群数量迅速下降,直至小麦成熟期未能恢复其种群密度.一次持续10 h的降雨(日降雨量32.2 mm)导致麦长管蚜种群数量骤降80%,并需要7d才恢复到雨前的种群密度.

Rain and wind interfere with natural population development of Macrosiphum avenae (Fabricius)

The english grain aphid Macrosiphum aven is one of the most important agricultural pests, which results in serious wheat lost in China. The results from systematic observation from 2006 through 2008, demonstrated that meteorological factors such as wind and rain were essential for population development of english grain aphid. The gale during 6-7 grades (average wind speed was above 10m/s) significantly suppressed 65 percent of the population growth; A gust of wind (maximum wind speed was 18.8m/s) during filling stage blew the population number rapidly decreased and never recovered. The rainfall lasting 10 hours (daily rainfall was 32.2mm) led to 80 percent of decrease of aphid population, and population density did not recovery till 7 days late.