山水园林城市生态空间规划研究——以南宁市为例

生态空间是维持城市可持续发展的自然基础，其组成、规模及分布对国土空间生态安全具有重要影响。国土空间规划和城乡规划建设管理必须遵循"山水林田湖草是生命共同体"理念，优化国土空间开发保护格局，合理保护与利用生态空间。以南宁市为例，在梳理国土空间用途管制相关概念的基础上，提出了以生态控制线为核心的生态空间管控体系，通过生态安全评价与生态敏感性评价，识别研究区关键生态问题与核心生态资源，构建区域生态安全格局并划定生态控制线，制定空间管制方案，建立了一种基于"本底评价-格局构建-底线管控"的生态空间规划方法。结果表明：（1）研究区整体生态安全状态较好，但建设用地侵占生态空间的问题有待解决。（2）研究区生态高度敏感区占比40.70%，在空间上集中连片分布，生态连通性较高，是生态安全格局和生态控制线的主要载体。（3）研究区生态安全格局由"一轴、一环、五区，多廊道、多节点"的生态要素构成。（4）研究区生态控制线占比达86.03%，通过实施分级管制，严格保护核心生态资源，合理利用次级生态资源。（5）生态控制线实现了对全域生态空间的管制，是国土空间规划和城乡规划建设管理的前提和基础。研究成果可为南宁市国土空间规划和生态保护修复提供技术与决策支撑，也可为其他城市的生态空间规划提供参考。

Ecological spatial planning in landscape garden city: A case study of Nanning

Ecological space is the natural foundation of urban sustainable development, and its composition, scale, and distribution have an important impact on the ecological security of the territorial space. The territorial spatial planning and urban planning and construction management must incorporate the concept that mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands are a community of life, optimize the pattern of territorial spatial development and protection, and reasonably protect and utilize ecological space. Taking Nanning City as an example, based on a thorough review of the concepts of controlling territorial space use, this paper proposes an ecological spatial control system with ecological control line as its core. By the evaluation of ecological security and sensitivity, we identify key ecological problems and core ecological resources in the study area, construct a regional ecological security pattern, draw an ecological control line, formulate a spatial control scheme. We thus establish a method of ecological spatial planning based on background evaluation, pattern construction, and control of the bottom line. The results show that:(1) The overall ecological security of the study area is relatively good,but the occupation of ecological space by construction lands needs to be solved.(2) The study area is of 40.70% highly sensitive ecological area, all of which are spatially contiguous and concentrated with highly ecological connectivity, and all of which are the main carriers of the ecological security pattern and ecological control line. (3) The ecological security pattern of the study area consists of one axis, one ring, five zones, multiple corridors, and multiple nodes. (3) The ecological control line accounts for 86.03% of the total area, and through the implementation of hierarchical control, the core ecological resources are strictly protected and the secondary ecological resources are reasonably utilized. (4) The ecological control line, which controls the ecological space in the whole area, is the premise and foundation of the territorial spatial planning as well as urban planning and construction management. The results of this work can provide technical and decision-making support for the territorial spatial planning and ecological protection and restoration in Nanning and reference for ecological spatial planning in other cities.