镉污染对烟草叶片超微结构及部分元素含量的影响

采用水培试验,利用电感耦合等离子体、透射电镜、扫描电镜等技术研究了镉污染对烟草(N icotiana tabacum)叶绿素含量及叶绿素a/b值、叶下表皮气孔器密度、腺毛密度、叶片细胞超微结构和P、K、C a等元素含量的影响,以及叶片细胞、腺毛对镉污染的反应。结果表明随着营养液中镉浓度的增高,烟草叶绿素含量及叶绿素a/b值降低;叶下表皮气孔器的密度及腺毛的密度增加;叶绿体中组成基粒的类囊体层数减少、分布不均、或粘连成索状,叶绿体膜系统崩溃,内外膜均解体,类囊体消失;但烟草可通过将镉隔离于细胞壁中或排出表皮细胞或通过腺毛分泌作用来减少其毒害。随着营养液中镉浓度的增高,腺毛分泌物中S i、K、A l、C a、M g、F e的含量增加;浓度为3m g/L的镉污染可增加叶片中P、C a、M g、F e、Cu、Zn、A l元素的含量,但浓度为30m g/L的镉污染造成叶片中P、C a、M g、F e、Cu、Zn、A l元素含量的减少;镉污染可引起叶片中N a含量增加,且随着营养液中镉浓度的增高N a含量增加;镉污染造成K、M n在叶片中的含量下降,而且随着营养液中镉浓度的增高,K、M n含量下降幅度增加。

Effect of Cd Contamination on ultramicroscopic structure and some elements content of tobacco leaves

To determinate the effects of cadmium(Cd) toxicity on tobaccoes(Nicotiana tabacum L.),chlorophyll content and the value of chlorophyll a/b,density of stomatas and trichomes on abaxial epidermis of leaves,ultramicroscopic structure of the leaves,content of some elements in leaves and secreting materials by trichomes were studied under Cd stress.Tobacco seedlings with same number of leaves(six leaves) and same height were selected.After roots were washed with deionized water,the seedlings were transferred and...