环境微生物群落功能研究的新方法和新策略

微生物群落在驱动生物地球化学循环中扮演着重要角色,传统的研究方法可对微生物群落进行遗传结构的解析,但不能有效地与功能研究耦联.概述了近年发展起来的基于核酸和蛋白质水平的分子生物学新方法--环境mRNA 和 rRNA同时荧光原位杂交(FISH)、寡核苷酸微阵列技术(Oligonucleotide Microarray)、 稳定性同位素联合宏基因组学(SIP-enabled Metagenomics)和环境蛋白质组学(Metaproteomics)在环境微生物群落功能研究中的应用,并且对其发展趋势进行了分析和展望.

New approaches and strategies for studying functions of environment microbial communities

Microbial communities play critical roles in global biogeochemistry cycling of many elements. However, the classical methods for studying such communities can only provide incomplete genetic structure data, but cannot effectively link microbial community structures to their functions. This mini review summarizes the recent developments and applications of some biomolecular methods. These include the use of mRNA and rRNA simultaneous fluorescence in situ hybridization, oligonucleotide microarrays, stable isotope enrichments, and other aspects of Metagenomics and Metaproteomics. Furthermore, future trends and perspectives are also discussed.