粉煤灰基质-草坪砖栽培环境对坪草生长的影响

为了解决停车场、甬路、渠坝与草坪争地的矛盾，增加城市绿地面积，在已研究粉煤灰草坪基质最佳混合比例的基础上，进一步探讨草坪砖作为草坪栽培环境(砖孔内填人粉煤灰混合基质，简称砖孔环境)的肥力效应与生物效应。为了对比分析，特此设置了土孔环境(在土壤中挖取与草坪砖形状和容积相同的孔并填入粉煤灰混合基质)与土灰环境(在粉煤灰混合基质中按照草坪砖孔模式划出同样大小的圈)种植黑麦草作为对照。研究结果表明：坪草N、K、Na、Cu、Zn等含量以砖孔环境最高，土灰环境和土孔环境较低，差异显著，说明砖孔环境能为植物生长提供较多的养分元素；砖孔环境中的坪草含有的Fe、Cu、Zn浓度远高于坪草最佳需求量，今后不再需要补充铁肥、铜肥和锌肥。试验还表明砖孔环境的蒸散率最小，基质含水量最大，基质势最高，持续供水能力强，抗旱效果十分明显。砖孔环境与土孔环境中的草坪草屑累积量差异不显著，但均比土灰环境中的高，且差异显著。夏季高温期砖孔环境中的草坪质量显著高于土孔环境和土灰环境中的草坪质量。

Effects of the planting environment of lawn brick with fly-ash medium on the growth of turfgrass

As our environmental awareness strengthened and living standard improved, demand for green parking lots and lawn roadside is enhancing. But the increasing acrea ge of buildings, dams and roads conflicts with the development of lawn in modern cities. In order to settle this contradiction, making full use of lawn bricks b ecomes necessary. Based on the fact that the optimal ratio of fly ash and soil a s lawn medium has been found, this experiment probes into the fertilizing and bi ological effects of lawn bricks with mixed medium of soil and fly ash in their h oles. In order to analyze the brick hole environment, the experiment also desig ns two kinds of contrastive planting environment, one is soil hole environment, the other is mixed environment of soil and fly ash. The soil hole environment has the same holes as lawn bricks, and is infilled by mixed medium of soil and f ly ash. On the surface of the mixed environment of soil and fly ash, four circle s having the same size as the holes in lawn bricks have been lined out. The pot experiment was conducted in March 11 of 2002, which was composed of 3 tr eatments including brick hole environment, soil hole environment and the mixed environment of soil and fly ash. Perennial ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L. cv, Barmultra) were planted in the holes and circles of different planting env ironment. Each treatment was replicated twenty forth times. The experiment was carried out in the green house, and its purpose was to study and appraise water holding capacity and nutrient supplying capability of the three kinds of plan ting environment, also to investigate their influences on the growth and quality of turfgrass. The results show that, turfgrass tissue under brick hole environment has higher contents of nutrient elements. Its contents of N, K, Na, Cu, Zn are respectivel y 0 073, 0 5517, 0 5263, 4 1287, 1 4044 times higher than those under soil hole environment, and 0 103, 0 3513, 0 5037, 1 695, 0 911 times higher th an those under the mixed environment. Their differences are obvious (P<0 05 ). According to the above results, the brick hole environment can benefit plant s greatly. Furthermore, the contents of Fe, Cu and Zn in turfgrass tissue under brick hole environment are far higher than the fitting needs, so it unnecessary to supply iron, copper and zinc fertilizer as usual. It also proves that the br ick hole environment has lowest evaporation rate and highest medium water conte nt. So it has long time water holding capacity to effectively lift the menace of high temperature on turfgrass. In a word, the brick hole environment helps t urf especially the cold season turf go over summertime easily. During the whole growing seasons, the clipping yield of turfgrass under soil hole environment i s higher than that under brick hole environment, but the difference isn't notab le (P> 0 05). The clipping yield of turfgrass under mixed environment is lo west. After summertime, the qualities of turfgrass under different planting envi ronment are evaluated. The turf quality under brick hole environment is the bes t and its synthesized score is 3 708, the turf quality under soil hole environ ment, 2 637 scores, the turf quality under the mixed environment, only 2 318 s cores. The diversity of turf grass between the forth and the two later is notabl e (P<0 01). Lawn bricks with fly ash medium in their holes used as an environment for lawn growth, can not only increase the acreage of lawn, but also solve the fly ash ou tlet problem.