论我国人口容纳量

人口环境容纳量是直接与社会生产力发展水平相适应的。它体现在人类智力发展水平、经济结构的合理性以及各人在行业中所占位置。本文据1982年人口普查10％抽样资料对我国劳动力分布进行了分析,并指出:劳动力分布不平衡反映出社会生产力的落后,自然资源与人力资源的浪费。我国的农牧渔业资源还有着巨大的潜力,只要国策对,人尽其才,物尽其用,使资源得到合理地开发和利用,今后50—100年内,我国农牧渔业资源将可满足15亿人口科学膳食需求。

THE ENVIRONMENTAL CARRYING CAPACITY OF HUMAN POPULATION IN CHINA

Based on the idea of ecological niche and survival space which are employed by ecologists to study ecological problem, we have analysed the occupation structures of our population status (See Table 1 )and compared with that of industra-lized countries (See Table 2). We have found out that our occupational strutures are extremely teratological and in a backward situation, with a very high percentage(72-74% )of total population engaged in land agricultural activities and more over with a surplus cf man power, However, the farm production yield and labor efficiency are low and the growth rate is rather slow except in recent years.Such structures are great handicap for further conversion of resources into human food of higher calories.From the food resources point of view, upon further analysis it is apparent that China is rich in natural grass land and wide in marine coas'.al areas.Nevertheless, such vast land area are not yet fully ultilized (See especially Table 3), yet they might be converted into resources for protein and other uses which can cope with the increasing human population. From the resource point of view,the whole paper gives full disccusion and all reasons,China is able to feed 1.5 billion people within our envionmental conditions, rich resources, new agricultural technology and further educational investment.