基于生态位理论的富硒土壤资源开发利用适宜性评价及分区方法

实施乡村振兴战略，产业兴旺是关键。立足区域富硒土壤资源禀赋优势，发展富硒农业特色经济，是振兴乡村产业的一条有效途径。以多维超体积生态位理论为指导，以区域富硒土壤资源禀赋和富硒农业发展要求为基础，从土壤自身条件、土地利用和生态保护3个方面明确了富硒土壤资源开发利用的主导因素、区位因素、限制因素；选择土壤硒含量、土壤有机质含量、地形坡度、土地利用类型、土地综合污染指数、生态保护建设等6个关键因子，构建了富硒土壤资源开发利用生态位适宜性评价指标体系；利用生态位适宜性评价相关模型，探讨了生态位适宜性单一指数和综合指数的计算方法；结合土壤利用改良分区、土壤利用功能分区、富硒农业生产分区等，分析了区域富硒土壤资源开发利用适宜性分区问题。研究可为富硒土壤资源开发利用适宜性评价提供科学可行的思路与方法，对于促进区域富硒土壤资源科学合理利用、实现富硒农业产业科学发展具有重要的指导意义和现实意义。

Suitability evaluation and zoning method research on development and utilization of selenium-rich soil resources based on niche theory

To implement the strategy of rural revitalization, industry prosperity is the key. An effective way to revitalize the rural industry is to develop a characteristic economy of selenium-rich agriculture based on the advantage of regional selenium-rich soil resource endowment. Using multidimensional hyper-volume niche theory as the guide, with regional selenium-rich soil resources endowment and selenium-rich agricultural development as the foundation, from three aspects of soil conditions, land use and ecological protection, to clear about the selenium-rich soil resources development and utilization of the dominant factor, geographical factors, limiting factors, discussed to build the selenium-rich soil resources development and utilization of ecological suitability evaluation index system. The method of calculating the comprehensive index of niche suitability for the exploitation and utilization of selenium-rich soil resources was discussed using the relevant model of niche suitability evaluation. Based on the improved zoning of soil utilization, the functional zoning of soil utilization, and the zoning of selenium-rich agricultural production, the suitability zoning of regional selenium-rich soil resources was analyzed. This research can provide scientific and feasible ideas and methods for evaluating the suitability of exploitation and utilization of selenium-rich soil resources. It also produced important guidance with practical significance, which will promote scientific and rational utilization of selenium-rich soil resources in the region and realization of the scientific development of a selenium-rich agricultural industry.