主体功能区视角下的生态补偿研究——以湖北省为例

合理界定区域生态补偿主客体，确定生态补偿优先级是构建区域生态补偿机制的核心内容。从主体功能区视角出发，在测算湖北省生态系统服务价值的基础上，界定生态受偿与补偿支付主体，确定生态受偿与补偿支付等级与次序。结果表明：（1）湖北省生态系统服务总价值、市场价值和非市场价值在空间分布上具有相似性，总体呈现出"西部高，东中低"的格局，高值区多集中于重点生态功能区和农产品主产区，低值区多集中于重点开发区；（2）30个重点生态功能区的生态受偿等级总体分为五级，呈现出"西高东低"的空间分布格局，房县为第一生态受偿区；（3）29个农产品主产区生态受偿优先级总体分为五级，随县为生态受偿一级区域；（4）30个重点开发区的补偿支付等级总体分为五级，呈现出"东先西后"的空间分布格局，在生态补偿支付实践中，国家层面重点开发区应先于省级层面重点开发区。

Research on ecological compensation from the perspective of main functional areas: a case study of Hubei Province

The core of constructing regional ecological compensation mechanism is to define the subject and object of regional ecological compensation in a reasonable manner and to prioritize ecological compensation. This paper defined the subject and object of ecological compensation, and determined the level and order of ecological compensation areas and compensation payment from the perspective of the main functional areas by measuring the value of ecosystem services in Hubei Province. The results show that:(1) the spatial distribution of the total value of service, market value and non-market value of ecosystem services in Hubei Province is similar, showing a pattern of "high value in the West, low value in the middle and the East". The high-value areas are mostly concentrated in the key ecological function places and major production regions, while the low-value areas are mostly focused on the key development areas. (2) The ecological compensation of 30 key ecological functional areas is generally divided into five levels, showing a spatial distribution pattern of "high in the west and low in the east" with Fangxian topping the list. (3) The priority of ecological compensation in 29 major production regions is categorized into five levels with Suixian regarded as the first level region of ecological compensation. (4) The compensation payment level of 30 key development areas is divided into five levels, showing a spatial distribution pattern of "east first, west second". In carrying out ecological compensation payment, the key development areas at the national level should be prior to the key development areas at the provincial level.