贺兰山西坡啮齿动物生境选择及种间关系

为明确对贺兰山西坡啮齿动物生境选择起关键作用的主要环境因子，探讨各鼠种之间的相互作用如何影响鼠种的生境选择，选取地理因子（海拔、坡度、坡向）、植被因子（植被盖度、植被高度、灌木/乔木高度）和其他因子（距水源距离、距道路距离、距灌木/乔木距离）等9种生境因子，利用资源选择函数模型和logistic回归模型对啮齿动物生境选择和种间关系进行分析。结果表明，在贺兰山西坡，捕获数量最多的6种啮齿动物对的生境选择存在差异，大林姬鼠（Apodemus peninsulae）偏好高海拔、多灌木（乔木）的生境；子午沙鼠（Meriones meridianus）偏好海拔较低的半荒漠稀疏生境，对道路和人为干扰不回避；灰仓鼠（Cricetulus migratorius）偏好距水源较远、多灌木（乔木）、距道路较近的生境；阿拉善黄鼠（Spermophilus alaschanicus）偏好低海拔、植被丰富的生境；短尾仓鼠（Cricetulus eversmanni）偏好高海拔、距道路较近的生境；社鼠（Niviventer niviventer）偏好海拔较高、坡度较大、距水源较远的生境。鼠种间的相互关系主要呈现回避或随机关系。研究结果有助于了解啮齿动物分布的变化及种群动态规律，可为贺兰山生物资源保护，区域性鼠害的预测、预报和综合治理提供基础资料和科学依据。

Habitat selection and interspecific relationship of rodent in the west slope of Helan Mountain

To identify the main environmental factor that plays a key role in habitat selection of rodents in the western slope of Helan Mountains, and to explore how the interaction among rodent species affect habitat selection, we selected geographic factors (altitude, gradient, slope direction), vegetation factors (vegetation coverage, vegetation height, height of shrubs/arbors) and other factors (distance from the water, away from the road distance, distance from shrubs/arbors) to analyze the habitat selection and interspecific relationship of rodents by resource selection function model and logistic regression models. The results showed that there were significant differences in the habitat selection among six captured rodent species. Apodemus peninsulae preferred high-altitude habitats covered with dense shrubs/arbors. Meriones meridianus preferred sparsely vegetated semi-desert habitats at lower altitude, and did not avoid the road and human disturbance. Cricetulus migratorius preferred habitats which were far away from water, covered with dense shrubs/arbors and close to roads. Spermophilus alaschanicus preferred the low-altitude habitats where are rich in vegetation. Cricetulus eversmanni preferred the high altitude habitats close to roads. Niviventer niviventer preferred habitats with higher altitudes, higher slopes and far from water. The relationship between rodent species is mainly avoidance or random. Our study is contributing to understand the changes of rodent distribution and population dynamics. It can provide basic data and scientific basis for protecting biological resources, predicting and forecasting rodents damage, and comprehensive management of the regional damage that caused by rodent in Helan Mountains.