快速城市化区域生态安全的空间模糊综合评价——以广州市为例

随着经济的快速发展，城市生态安全状况令人担忧。进行城市生态安全评价，了解城市生态安全状况成为城市生态建设、改善和提高城市生态安全状况的前提。基于TM遥感数据以及GIS平台，构建评价指标体系，采用空间模糊评价方法进行生态安全的空间综合评价，进而分析其时间与空间变化。生态安全空间分布图及其属性的统计结果表明，整体上讲，广州市生态安全等级为一般，并且随时间推移，生态安全状态比较稳定，但是在1995年受到较大的破坏；不同区域之间生态安全的对比分析显示，广州市生态安全的城乡差异明显，中心城区生态安全状态堪忧；将研究结果与作者早已经完成的同区域基于统计数据的生态安全评价分析结果进行趋势对比，二者显示出一致性，表明基于格网的空间模糊综合评价方法用于生态安全评价是可行的，研究的设计也是合理的，但是这种空间综合评价方法却具有传统方法不具备的优点：不仅具有可视化的表达效果，还有利于不同范围大小区域之间的对比研究。

Spatially fuzzy assessment of regional eco-security in Guangzhou, a fast-urbanizing area: a case study in Guangzhou City

The security of ecosystems (eco-security) in urban areas has become a serious problem in fast economic development and urbanization. Regional eco-security and environmental conditions must be improved, first, by understanding eco-security and making assessments of its current status. Based on remote-sensing TM images of Guangzhou and using GIS methods, an index system for eco-security assessment was developed, an assessment was performed with spatially fuzzy sets, and the temporal and spatial dynamics of regional eco-security were analyzed. The index system and gridded pattern of eco-security revealed that the level of eco-security in Guangzhou has been fairly steady with some variation at different times. Before 1995, eco-security was stable but decreased near 1995, when its level was lowest. Comparing different districts, the level in Guangzhou City was lower than that in its suburb districts and in a serious state. The results of assessment for eco-security based on gridding could be shown spatially and visibly, and were useful for spatial comparison to understand different regional eco-security levels. This achievement with the spatially fuzzy set method was an obvious improvement over results obtained by the author with other assessment methods. In eco-security levels, results were the same, but more characteristics for assessment were included in this method, such as the spatial pattern of eco-security. This work shows that using spatially fuzzy sets for regional eco-security assessment is a reasonable and reliable method.