天然红松种群形态特征地理变异的研究

在我国红松天然分布区内，根据纬度和海拔的差异，选取了凉水、小北湖和长白山３个地区具有典型代表性下的天然红松林，进行了形态结构的观测分析。分单株采样，测量了一级枝针叶的长度，球果长度、宽度、每球果含种子数目，种子的重量，树皮的形态。结果表明：红松平均针叶长度在我国分布区风呈现中间长、南北短的趋势。种群内针叶的变异幅度凉山地区最大（０．１４８６），长白山地我最小（０．１０５６）；种群间针叶长度变异较大

Geographical variation of morphology characters for natural populations of Pinus koraiensis

Three typical habitats of Liangshui, Xiaobeihu and Changbai Mountain were selected according to the difference of altitude and latitude in natural distributive of Pinus koraiensis area of China. The needles length of the first class branches, the length and width of cones, the seed number of per cone, the weight per 1000 grains of seeds and the morphology of bark were measured. The results indicate that the average length of needles of Korean pine distributing in the middle part is longer than that in the Northern and Southern of China. The length of needles, has the highest variation (0 1486) within the Liangshui population,and lowest variation (0 1056)in Changbai Mountain population. There is an evident differentiation among the populations. For the morphological characters of cones, there is a big variation range and variation source. The width of cones has quite stable characters. The variation of morphological characters is 22 7% among the population and 77 3% within population, The frequency of individuals of F.pachiaermis Wang et Chi increase as the latitude rises.