闽江流域生态系统服务价值评估及权衡协同关系

探讨流域地区的生态系统服务功能对高效配置环境资源和合理制定生态环境政策具有重要意义。以闽江流域为研究对象,利用2006年、2011年、2016年三期遥感影像提取闽江流域各个县市的耕地、森林、草地、水体、不透水地表和裸地等专题信息,综合生态系统服务价值表、生态系统服务价值估算模型以及生态系统服务功能权衡协同模型,评估闽江流域生态系统服务价值,并分析该流域生态系统服务价值变化规律趋势及权衡协同关系。结果表明:2006—2016年闽江流域土地利用类型变化较大,森林面积、耕地面积、不透水地表增多,草地面积、水体面积、裸地面积减少,水体面积变化最大;生态系统服务价值总量由2006年的101.12×10~9元减少到2016年的99.54×10~9元。2006—2016年,闽江流域内各生态系统服务之间关系以协同关系为主导;2011—2016年,协同关系占比显著提升,但协同度有所降低。同期内,闽江流域生态系统服务功能权衡协同的相似结果亦表现在闽江上游区域中,可认为闽江上游区域作为城市化进程的"衍射区域",可有效地作为调整闽江流域生态系统服务关系的关键区域。

The ecosystem services evaluation and trade-off synergy in Min River Basin

Exploring the ecological service functions in the basin area is of great importance in efficient allocation of environmental resources allocation and rationally environmental policy design. Based on the model of the ecological service value proposed by Costanza, the Min River Basin is taken as the research object and the remote sensing images of 2006, 2011 and 2016 are used to extract information about the water, forest, grassland, cultivated land, impervious surface and bare land. By integrating ecosystem service value table, ecosystem service value estimation model and ecosystem service function trade-off coordination model, the ecosystem service value in the Min River basin and its trend were analyzed, then the trade-off synergy was explored. The results showed that the land-use system in the Min River basin significantly changed in 2006-2016, with increasing forest area, cultivated land area and impervious surface, as well as decreasing grassland area, water area and bare land area, especially with the most significant changes of water area. The overall value of the ecosystem services decreased from 101.12×10⁹ yuan in 2006 to 99.54×10⁹ yuan in 2016. The relationship between the ecosystem services in the Min River basin was mainly dominated by synergies in 2006-2016 and the share of synergies increased significantly during 2011-2016, while the synergy degree gradually decreased from 2011. Similarly, the results of the trade-off of ecosystem services in the Min River basin were also shown in the upper reaches during this period. It means that the upper reaches can be regarded as a "diffraction region" in the urbanization progress, and also treated as one of the key regions to effectively adjust the relationship between ecosystem services for the Min River basin.