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高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度对高山嵩草群落及其主要种群空间分布特征的影响
引用本文:庞晓攀,贾婷婷,李倩倩,雒眀伟,肖玉,赵旭,郭正刚.高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度对高山嵩草群落及其主要种群空间分布特征的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(3):873-884.
作者姓名:庞晓攀  贾婷婷  李倩倩  雒眀伟  肖玉  赵旭  郭正刚
作者单位:兰州大学草地农业科技学院,草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31172258);国家行业(农业)公益项目(201203041);教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助”项目(IRT13019)
摘    要:高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)有效洞穴密度变化会引发高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)草甸植物群落及其种群分布格局发生变化。采用野外调查法研究了高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度对高山嵩草群落特征及其主要种群分布格局的影响。结果表明:随高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度增加,高山嵩草草甸植物群落的优势种没发生明显变化,部分伴生种发生更替;高度、盖度、多样性指数和均匀度指数呈现降低态势;地上生物量和丰富度指数变化不明显;高山嵩草和矮火绒草(Leontopodium nanum)种群的盖度、密度以及生物量均呈现降低态势,而达乌里秦艽(Gentiana dahurica)和小花草玉梅(Anemone rivularis var.flore-minors)种群的盖度、密度和生物量呈增加趋势。高山嵩草和矮火绒草的种群分布格局从8个/625m2和14个/625m2的聚集分布分别变为34个/625m2时的均匀分布和随机分布,达乌里秦艽和小花草玉梅种群从8个/625m2和14个/625m2的随机分布变为23个/625m2和34个/625m2时的聚集分布,这说明高原鼠兔有效洞穴密度变化改变了高山嵩草群落的特征和主要植物种群的空间分布格局,而对应群落特征和种群分布格局改变的有效洞穴密度为14个/625m2和23个/625m2。

关 键 词:植物群落组分  植物多样性  生物量  密度  空间分布格局
收稿时间:2014/3/9 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/9/25 0:00:00

Effect of available burrow densities of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) on characteristics and distribution pattern of Kobresia pygmaea community
PANG Xiaopan,JIA Tingting,LI Qianqian,LUO Mingwei,XIAO Yu,ZHAO Xu and GUO Zhenggang.Effect of available burrow densities of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) on characteristics and distribution pattern of Kobresia pygmaea community[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(3):873-884.
Authors:PANG Xiaopan  JIA Tingting  LI Qianqian  LUO Mingwei  XIAO Yu  ZHAO Xu and GUO Zhenggang
Institution:PANG Xiaopan;JIA Tingting;LI Qianqian;LUO Mingwei;XIAO Yu;ZHAO Xu;GUO Zhenggang;State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University;
Abstract:The increase in available burrow density of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) changes the plant community characteristics and distribution pattern of main plant population of Kobresia pygmaea meadow in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A field survey was carried out to determine the effect of available burrow density of plateau pika on plant community characteristics and distribution pattern of main plant population of K. pygmaea meadow. This study showed that the dominant plant of K. pygmaea community were similar, while some associate plants of K. pygmaea community were replaced. The plant height, plant cover, the evenness index and diversity index of K. pygmaea community decreased, while the richness index and aboveground biomass of K. pygmaea community kept stable as the available burrow density of plateau pika increased. The plant cover, density and aboveground biomass of K. pygmaea and Leontopodium nanum population decreased, while the plant cover, density and biomass of Gentiana dahurica and Anemone rivularis var. flore-minors population increased with the increase of available burrow density. The spatial distribution patterns of K. pygmaea and L. nanum changed from aggregation distribution at 8 and 14 available burrows per 625m2 to even distribution and random distribution at 34 available burrows per 625m2, respectively. The random distribution patterns of G. dahurica and A. rivularis var. flore-minors population at 8 and 14 available burrows per 625m2 were replaced by aggregation distribution patterns at 23 and 34 available burrows per 625m2. These results suggest that the available burrow density changes the plant community characteristics and distribution pattern of main plant population of Kobresia pygmaea meadow at 14 and 23 available burrows per 625m2.
Keywords:plant community composition  plant diversity  biomass  density  spatial distribution pattern
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