盐城滨海滩涂湿地典型植物群落土壤微生物组成与结构特征

土壤微生物是生态系统维持正常结构与功能的重要组成部分，为探究盐城滩涂典型湿地土壤微生物群落结构特征，以江苏盐城滩涂互花米草、藨草、盐地碱蓬、芦苇及淤泥质光滩5种典型群落为对象，采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析0—10 cm(表层)、10—30 cm(中层)、30—60 cm(深层)土壤微生物多样性及群落结构。结果表明：(1)几种植物群落间，土壤微生物群落结构差异较大，主要体现在细菌群落结构的差异性，古菌群落结构差异相对较小。光滩与植物群落间，在土壤细菌种类及相对丰度上差异相对较大，互花米草群落与本土植物群落间，在微生物群落的细菌种类组成上存在较大差异；藨草群落土壤表层微生物群落结构与互花米草群落相似，深层与盐地碱蓬、芦苇群落相似。(2)同一群落不同层次土壤微生物群落结构相似，差异小于不同群落间土壤微生物群落的结构差异性；不同群落对应层次间，表深层土壤中五种群落土壤微生物多样性存在显著差异，中层土壤中五种群落微生物多样性差异不显著。总体上，植物群落类型对土壤微生物群落结构的影响大于土壤深度；与本土植物群落相比，互花米草群落土壤主要优势门微生物种类差异较小，但部分优势门微生物相对丰度...

Composition and structural characteristics of soil microbial communities in Yancheng typical coastal wetlands

Soil microorganisms are important in maintaining the basic structure and function of ecosystems. To explore the characteristics of soil microbial community structures in Yancheng coastal wetlands, soil samples of mudflat and typical plant communities of Spartina alterniflora, Scirpus triqueter, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis were collected. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities at the depth of 0-10 cm (surface layer), 10-30 cm (middle layer), and 30-60 cm (deep layer). The results indicated that: (1) there existed some differences in soil microbial composition among plant communities, especially for the structures of bacterial community. The differences between mudflat and plant communities in soil bacterial species composition and relative abundance, and the differences in bacterial species composition between soils of Spartina alterniflora community and those of native species, were much more. (2) The microbial community structures of different soil depths in the same community were similar, with differences less than among different communities. the significant soil microbial diversity differences existed in the five communities in surface-layer and deep-layer, but not in the middle-layer. Overall, plant species had greater effects on soil microbial community structure than soil depth. Compared with native plant communities, the species of soil microbial dominant phyla in Spartina alterniflora community had little difference, but the relative abundances of some dominant phyla changed significantly, with differences in the functional groups of microbial communities.