Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of N-bicyclo-5-chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxamide derivatives as potent glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors |
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Authors: | Onda Kenichi Shiraki Ryota Ogiyama Takashi Yokoyama Kazuhiro Momose Kazuhiro Katayama Naoko Orita Masaya Yamaguchi Tomohiko Furutani Masako Hamada Noritaka Takeuchi Makoto Okada Minoru Ohta Mitsuaki Tsukamoto Shin-ichi |
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Institution: | Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3 Toukoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan. |
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Abstract: | As a result of the various N-bicyclo-5-chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxamide derivatives with a hydroxy moiety synthesized in an effort to discover novel glycogen phosphorylase (GP) inhibitors, 5-chloro-N-(5-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (5b) was found to have potent inhibitory activity. The introduction of fluorine atoms both at a position adjacent to the hydroxy group and in the central benzene moiety lead to the optically active derivative 5-chloro-N-(5R)-1,3,6,6-tetrafluoro-5-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (25e(alpha), which was the most potent compound in this series (IC(50)=0.020microM). This compound inhibited glucagon-induced glucose output in cultured primary hepatocytes with an IC(50) value of 0.69microM, and showed oral hypoglycemic activity in diabetic db/db mice at 10mg/kg. Compound 25e(alpha) also had an excellent pharmacokinetic profile, with high oral bioavailability and a long plasma half-life, in male SD rats. The binding mode of 25e(alpha) to this molecule and the role of fluorine atoms in that binding were speculated in an enzyme docking study. |
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