粳稻花药培养基因型差异的研究

对7个粳稻(Oryza sativa L. sub sp. kcng)品种按双列杂交方式配成的21个杂交组合进行花药培养,测定它们的愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率。统计分析表明,基因型变异方差、一般配合力方差及特殊配合力方差均达到极显著水平。对亲本的一般配合力效应和组合的特殊配合力效应也进行了估算。研究表明,粳稻花药培养力是可遗传的,用高培养力的材料做亲本以提高杂种花粉植株的产量是有效的。此外还观察到供体植株在小孢子单核晚期前10天左右遇到特殊低温会使愈伤组织诱导率下降。

A Study on the Genotypical Differences in Anther Culture of Keng Rice (Oryza saliva sub sp. Keng)

The genotypical differences of anther-culture ability and its inheritance were investigated with seven keng rice (Oryza saliva sub sp.Keng) varieties and their hybrids.The (,enotyic variances of general and specific combining abilities of callus induction frequencies and plan-tlet differentiation frequencies are significant at 1% level.The general combining ability of each variety used as parents and the specific combining ability of each cross were estimated.The general and specific combining abilties are both important for callus formation.The heritability of frequency of differentiation into green plant lets from calli is high,and the additive component in genetic variances is principal.There is a close relationship between hybrids and their parents.It indicates that it is possible to transfer genes of high anther-culture ability from one genotype to another through crossing.Meanwhile,it was observed that low air temperature during PMC meiosis of donors can decrease the induction frequency of pollen calli derived from the in vitro anthers culture.