鹿科动物线粒体控制区序列分析与系统进化

通过测定鹿科麂亚科中的小麂、赤麂和黑麂的线粒体全基因组，从而定位它们的控制区，并从GenBank获得鹿科另外3个亚科9种动物的线粒体控制区全序列。利用MEGA软件计算了各物种控制区序列的碱基组成、遗传距离和遗传相似度，通过比较序列同源性，以羊线粒体控制区序列为外群，构建NJ分子系统树，探讨了鹿科4个亚科12种动物的系统进化关系。序列分析表明，鹿科12种动物控制区序列的碱基长度在909～1049bp之间，A T含量约占62．06％，其中363个核苷酸位点存在变异(约占34％)。系统进化关系结果表明：(1)以线粒体控制区构建的鹿科12种动物分子系统树基本与NCBI分类一致；(2)美洲鹿亚科驼鹿属驼鹿在鹿科这12种动物中处于最为原始的地位；(3)小麂比赤麂和黑麂更为原始；(4)獐亚科獐属的獐与美洲鹿亚科狍鹿属的狍鹿和美洲狍鹿聚为一支。

Sequence Analysis and Phylogeny of Deer (Cervidae) MtDNA Control Regions

The complete control regions of three Muntiacinae species of Cervidae (M.reevesi,M.muntjak and M.crinifrons) were located after their complete mtDNA genomes were sequenced.In addition the control region sequences of nine species of other three Cervidae subfamilies were obtained from the Genbank.Base compositions,genetic distances and percent similarities among these regions were calculated and the homologous sequences were compared.Based on their control region sequences,the molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed by Neighbor-Joining method and rooted using the mtDNA control region sequence of O.aries.Furthermore,the phylogenetic relationship among the twelve species was discussed.The lengths of their control regions ranged from 909 bp to 1 049 bp and A T content is 62.06%.The sequence alignment revealed considerable variation in 363 nucleotide sites (about 34%).According to the phylogenetic tree,we suggest:(1)As a whole,the phylogenetic taxon of the twelve Cervidae species based on their control region sequences is consistent with that made by the NCBI;(2)A.alces,a species of Alces(subfamily:Odocoileinae)is most antique one among the twelve Cervidae species;(3)M.reevesi is more antique than M.muntjak and M.crinifrons;(4)H.inermis,belonging to the subfamily Hydropotinae,is merged into the branch which includes C.capreolus and C.pygargus,two species of Capreolus(subfamily:Odocoileinae).