中国红鲤线粒体COⅡ基因的遗传变异和亲缘关系

通过线粒体COⅡ基因的序列分析，研究了我国4种红鲤——兴国红鲤(C．c．var．singuonensis)、荷包红鲤(C．c．var．wuyuanensis)、玻璃红鲤(C．c．var．wananensis)、瓯江彩鲤(C．c．var．color)和1种野鲤(Cyprinus carpio)的遗传变异和亲缘关系。结果表明：在所分析的607bp片段中，共有19个核苷酸变异位点，可归结为15种基因单倍型，其中5个变异位点可作为群体鉴别的单核苷酸标记(SNP)；荷包红鲤的基因多样性(h)和核苷酸多样性(π)最高，玻璃红鲤最低；所有红鲤均存在极显著的遗传分化，其中兴国红鲤与玻璃红鲤的遗传分化指数(Fst)最高，而兴国红鲤与瓯江彩鲤的遗传分化指数最低。用邻接法构建的分子系统树表明，兴国红鲤与瓯江彩鲤属同一进化分支，而玻璃红鲤与荷包红鲤属另一进化分支。

Genetic Variability and Relationships in Mitochondrial DNA COⅡ Gene Sequence of Red Common Carps in China

Abstract:Nucleotide sequence of Cytochrome coxidase subunit Ⅱ(COⅡ)of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)was analyzed from four populations of the redcommon carp(C.c.var.singuonensis,C.c.var.wananensis,C.c.var.wuyuanensis and C.c.var.color)as well as one population of wild common carp in China to detect their genetic variability and phylogenetic relationship.Nineteen nucleotide variable positions were detected in analyzed 607 bp length sequence and 15 haplotypes were defined among five populations,but only one shared haplotype was observed in C.c.var.singuonensis andC.c.var.color,respectively.The characteristic intrapopulation single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)were observed in 103th,149th,239th,368th,395th nucleotide position.The highest haplotypic diversity(h)and nucleotide diversity(π)existed in C.c.var.wuyuanensis and the lowest exited in C.c.var.wananensis.The significant fixation indices(Fst)in most comparisons between populations were observed.The neighbor-joining trees from haplotypes and populations of red common carp indicated C.c.var singuonensis and C.c.var.color might have originated from one monophyletic group,while C.c.var.wananensis and C.c.var.wuyuanenesis might have originated from an independent evolutionary branch.