云南元江普通野生稻穗颈维管束和穗部性状的QTL分析

以云南元江普通野生稻为供体亲本，籼稻品种特青为轮回亲本构建高代回交群体，用SSR标记构建连锁图谱，在第1、2、3、4、7和10染色体上定位到7个控制穗颈大维管束数的QTL，在第1、2、3、4和8染色体上定位到5个控制穗颈小维管束数的QTL，在第11和12以外的10条染色体上，共定位到15个控制穗一、二次枝梗数和穗颖花数QTL。来自野生稻的等位基因大多表现负效，能显著减少群体的穗颈维管束数、枝梗数和颖花数，说明从野生稻演化成栽培稻的过程中，可能淘汰了一些对产量不利的QTL，保留了有利的QTL。相当一部分控制穗颈维管束数、枝梗数及颖花数的QTL在染色体上成簇分布或紧密连锁，且加性效应的方向一致，从理论上解释了这些性状表型显著相关的遗传基础，同时也说明在人工选择或自然选择下，这些性状可能存在平行进化或协同进化的关系。

Mapping QTLs Controlling Vascular Bundle and Panicle-Related Traits from Yuanjiang Common Wild Rice(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)

An advanced backcross population(BC_3F_2),derived from the cross between Yuanjiang common wild rice as the donor parent and Teqing as recurrent parent,was used to map QTLs controlling the number of vascular bundle and panicle-related traits from Yuanjiang common wild rice.Seven QTLs controlling the number of large vascular bundles in peduncle were detected on chromosome 1,2,3,4,7 and 10.Five QTLs for the number of small vascular bundles in peduncle were mapped on chromosome 1,2,3,4 and 8.A total of 15 QTLs for the number of primary and secondary rachis branches and spikelets per panicle were identified on all chromosomes except chromosome 11 and 12.Most of alleles derived from O.rufipogon Griff.showed negative effect that reduced significantly vascular bundle,rachis branches and spikelets per panicle,suggesting that during the evolution from common wild rice to cultivated rice,favorable alleles were retained while removed undesirable ones.Most of QTLs controlling vascular bundle,rachis branches and spikelets per panicle showed cluster form or close linkage on chromosomes.The directions of their additive effects were consistent,which explained the genetic basis of significant correlation of their phenotypic characters.All the information suggested parallel evolution relationship among these traits.