优质蛋白玉米02基因控制赖氨酸超量积累的分析

以３８个ＱＰＭ（或０２）和对照普通玉米为实验材料，进行０２基因控制赖氨酸超量积累的生化和遗传分析。主要实验结果如下：（１）ＱＰＭ玉米０２基因为隐性的单基因遗传，它控制着胚乳、雄穗和幼苗期叶片中赖氨酸的超量积累，一些修饰因子和遗传背景对胚乳物理性状产生影响；（２）ＱＰＭ玉米、普通玉米的胚较之胚乳，或者ＱＰＭ玉米胚乳较之普通玉米胚乳都含有较多的天门冬氮酸、甘氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸，含有较少的脯氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸；（３）两种玉米之间，在胚乳蛋白质含量及胚乳可溶性蛋白、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白的赖氨酸含量方面没有什么不同；（４）已经育成一批ＱＰＭ或０２玉米自交系，并配制出几个强优势杂交组合。

Analysis on the Accumulations of Overweight Lysine Controlled by 02 Gene in the High-Quality Protein Maize(QPM)

Thirty-eight materials of QPM(or 02)and normal maize were used as experimental materials.The experiment as carried out to analyse the accumulations of overweight lysine controlled by 02 gene.The main results of experiment were as follows:(1)02 gene of QPM is a monogene recessive genetics.It controls the accumulations of overweight lysine in endosperms,tassels and leave of seedling stage. The some modifier factors and genetic background affect the physical properties of maize endosperms.(2)More Asp,Gly,Lys,Arg and less Pro, Glu, Leu, Phe were observed in embryos as compared with endosperms of QPM and normal maize. Same situation was also observed in endosperms of QPM as compared with endosperms of normal maize.(3)Protein contents between endosperms of QPM and endosperms of normal maize were almost not different.The amino acid composition analysis indicates that the soluble proteins and glutelins are rich in lysine, while zeins are almost absent in lysine. The endosperm protein fractions of QPM and 02 maize find no more lysine that of normal maize.(4)Twelve inbred lines of QPM and 02 maize,and a few heterostic hybrids of QPM were developed.