硬粒小麦-粗山羊草双二倍体白粉病抗性的遗传分析与基因推导

对99份硬粒小麦-粗山羊双二倍体用北京地区流行的5号白粉菌生理小种进行了白粉病抗性鉴定，筛选出11个苗期抗病的双二倍体材料和2个全生育期抗病的材料M53和M81。对M53和M81及其硬粒小麦和粗山羊草亲本进行的抗白粉病鉴定结果表明，其抗性来源于粗山羊草。与M53和M81具有相同硬粒小麦亲本、不同粗山羊草亲本双二倍体的抗性结果也表明抗性基因来源于粗山羊草。对M53和M81的抗性遗传分析表明，它们均携带1个单显性抗病基因。用14个白粉菌生理小种对已知抗病基因品系与M53和M81两份待测材料进行接种鉴定，结果表明，M53和M81与已知基因的抗菌谱均不相同，M53与M81的抗菌谱也不相同，说明M53和M81各自分别携带1个新的显性抗白粉病基因。

Genetic Analysis and Gene Deduction of Powdery Mildew Resistance in T. durum-Ae. squarrosa Amphidiploids

Eleven seedlings with resistance and two amphidiploids with disease resistance at all developmental stage were screened by using No.15 isolate of E. graminis f. sp. tritici to inoculate 99 T. durum-Ae. squarrosa amphidiploids. The two amphidiploids with disease resistance at all developmental stage, M53 and M81, and their Ae. squarrosa parents were resistant to No.15 isolate of powdery mildew payhogen, but their T. durum parents were susceptible. Therefore, the powdery mildewresistance of M53 and M81 were derived from Ae. squarrosa. Amphidiploid M74, which had the same durum parent as M53 but different Ae. squrrosa parent, was susceptible to No.15 isolate in adult stage. M29 and M35, which had the same durum parent as M81 but different Ae. squarrosa parent were susceptible in all stage. These results were also proved that the powdery mildew resistance genes were derived from Ae. sqarrosa. Genetic analysis showed that powdery mildew resistance gene in M53 or M81 was a single dominant gene. A series of lines with known powdery mildew resistance genes and two unknown lines were used to test response patterns with 14 differential isolates of E. graminis f. sp. tritici. The response patterns in M53 and M81 were different from Pm1 to Pm21 and indicated that M53 and M81 conferred a new powdery mildew resistance gene respectively.