利用12个血液蛋白和非蛋白标记分析同羊起源及系统地位

采用典型群随机抽样在陕西省白水县抽取同羊样本。采用淀粉凝胶和醋酸纤维薄膜检测12个的结构基因座位的遗传多型性,结果在同羊中发现10个多型座位：运铁蛋白（Tf）、碱性磷酸酶（Alp）、亮氨酸氨肽酶（Lap）、芳基酯酶（Ary-Es）、血红蛋白β（Hb-β）、X-蛋白（X-p）、碳酸酐酶（CA）、过氧化氢酶（Cat）、苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）和赖氨酸（Ly）;而白蛋白（Al）和后白蛋白（Po）为单态。采用遗传贴近度和系统关系聚类分析两种方法分析同羊起源及系统地位。结果表明两种方法均支持同羊属于蒙古羊系统,同羊起源于蒙古羊,这与同羊的育成史实相符。和聚类分析方法相比,遗传贴近度分析方法可以更为有效地用于中亚以东南绵羊群体的血统判别,可以更有效地反映同羊的育成过程。

Analysis on the Origin and Phylogenetic Status of Tong Sheep Using 12 Blood Protein and Nonprotein Markers

This study is based on the Tong sheep obtained by the random sampling method of typical colonies in the central area of Baishui County in Shaanxi Province, China. An investigation was undertaken to clarify the gene constitution of blood protein and nonprotein types of Tong sheep. Twelve genetic markers were examined by starch-gel electrophoresis and cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Polymorphism in Tong sheep was found at the following 10 loci, transferrin (Tf), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), leucine aminopeptidase (Lap), arylesterase (Ary-Es), hemoglobin-beta (Hb-beta), X-protein (X-p), carbonic anhydrase (CA), catalase (Cat), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and lysine (Ly), whereas, albumin (Al) and postalbumin (Po) loci were monomorphic. Genetic approach degree method and phylogenetic relationship clustering method were used to judge the origin and phylogenetic status of Tong sheep. Results from both methods maintained that Tong sheep belonged to the "Mongolia group", and Mongolia sheep was the origin of Tong sheep. This was also supported by the history of Tong sheep breeding. Compared to the phylogenetic relationship clustering method, the genetic approach degree method was more reliable for the extraction from East and South of Central Asia, and was more effective in reflecting the breeding course of Tong sheep.