溶酶体相关细胞器生物发生复合体相互作用组构成胞内体运输网络

随着高等生物中十几个新的参与囊泡运输的 Hermansky-Pudlak 综合征(HPS)蛋白质的发现, 认为可能存在一类新的囊泡运输通路。该通路主要由新近鉴定的 3 个被称为溶酶体相关细胞器生物发生复合体(BLOC)所组成, 被分别命名为BLOC-1、BLOC-2 和 BLOC-3。越来越多的证据表明这些复合体与以前认识较清楚的 AP3 和 HOPS 复合体共同在胞内体运输中起重要作用。这些复合体之间的相互作用构成了以胞内体和细胞骨架为连接纽带的参与蛋白质运输的复杂网络。该网络中的每个节点的相互作用可区分为复合体内和复合体外相互作用两大类。复合体之间的联系可以是来自不同复合体亚基间的直接相互作用, 也可以通过耦联的节点联结不同的复合体。解析这一复杂网络有助于进一步了解参与蛋白质和膜运输这一动态而精细网络的结构与功能。一旦该网络结构得到破坏, 则可能导致如 HPS 这类囊泡运输或细胞器发生障碍性疾病。

The BLOC Interactomes Form a Network in Endosomal Transport

With the identification of more than a dozen novel Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) proteins in vesicle trafficking in higher eukaryotes, a new class of trafficking pathways has been described. It mainly consists of three newly-defined protein com-plexes, BLOC-1, -2, and -3. Compelling evidence indicates that these complexes together with two other well-known complexes, AP3 and HOPS, play important roles in endosomal transport. The interactions between these complexes form a network in protein trafficking via endosomes and cytoskeleton. Each node of this network has intra-complex and extra-complex interactions. These complexes are connected by direct interactions between the subunits from different complexes or by indirect interactions through coupling nodes that interact with two or more subunits from different complexes. The dissection of this network facilitates the un-derstanding of a dynamic but elaborate transport machinery in protein/membrane trafficking. The disruption of this network may lead to abnormal trafficking or defective organellar development as described in patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.