用C—带技术识别小麦21对染色体及染色体结构变异

用C-带技术分析了普通小麦中国春、84001-1-33和扬麦3号的根尖染色体,结果如下:(1)除1A外,普通小麦的所有染色体均可显示出稳定的区分性带型;(2)以中国春小麦为标准建立了C-带核型;(3)对照中国春的C-带核型,发现84001-1-33的5B,7B染色体发生了相互易位,形成了重组染色体——5BS/7BS和7BL/5BL;(4)扬麦3号的1B,4B染色体与中国春明显不同,从带型上看有可能扬麦3号的1B和4B的长臂之间发生了相互交换,交换的区段包括1B,4B长臂的大部分。

Recognition of All Chromosomes and Chromosomal Changes in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using C-banding

The somatic chromosomes of common wheat "Chinese Spring","84001-1-33" and "Yang Mai" No.3 were analyzed by means of the C banding technique.The results were as follows:1) All chromosomes except 1A of common wheat showed stable distinctive banding patterns.2) The C-banded karyotype of "Chinese Spring" was established.3) Taking the banding patterns of Chinese Spring as reference,it was found that the reciprocal translocations between chromosome 5B and 7B occurred in "8441-1-33",resulting in the formation of the reconstituted chromosomes 5BS/7BS and 7BL/5BI.4) Remarkable changes were found on chromosomes 1B and 4B of "Yang Mai" No.3,it is possible that the exchange between the long arms of the two chromosomes took place,which involved in large portions of the long arms of them basel on the comparison of the banding patterns.