大豆遗传图谱的构建和分析

利用大豆栽培品种科丰1号和南农1138－2杂交得到的重组近交系NJRIKY，通过RFLP，SSR，RAPD和AFLP4种分子标记的遗传连锁分析，构建了包含24个连锁群，由792个遗传标记组成的大豆较高密度连锁图谱，该图谱覆盖2320．7cM，平均图距2．9cM,SSR标记的多态性较高，在基因组中的位置相对稳定，可以作为锚定标记，有利于连锁群的归并和不同图谱的比较整合；而AFLP标记对于增加图谱密度效率较高，但其容易出现聚集现象，从而造成连锁群上有很大的空隙（gap)，另外，在连锁群中有21．7％的分子标记出现偏分离，该图谱为基因定位，比较基因组学和重要农艺性状的QTL定位等研究打下了基础。

Construction and Analysis of a Genetic Linkage Map of Soybean

A high-density genetic map was constructed with a RILs po pulation (NJRIKY) from a cross of two cultivated soybean Kefeng 1 and Nannong 11 38-2, using RFLP, SSR, RAPD and AFLP markers. The map consists of 24 linkage gr oups, which include 792 genetic markers, and covers 2?320.7 cM with an aver age genetic distance of 2.9 cM. The higher polymorphsims between two parents were id entified with SSR markers. Due to its simplicity and stability, they could be us e d as anchored marker to integrate different maps constructed with different gene tic markers. AFLP marker system is efficient for map construction while it easil y form clusters to cause big gaps in the map. A total of 21.7% of markers was fo und with distorted segregation in the RILs population. The high-dens ity molecular linkage map is fundamental for gene localization, comparative geno mics, and QTL mapping of important agronomic traits.