广义青篱竹属(Arundinaria)核糖体DNA ITS序列及亲缘关系研究

利用PCR扩增产物直接测序的方法分析广义青篱竹属(Arundinaria)中有关争议类群的代表种或模式种(毛竹为外类群)等18种竹种的核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(Internal Transcribed Spacers，ITS)序列。通过最简约性分析产生的ITS系统发育树表明，供试竹种形成一个自然的单系类群，这说明广义青篱竹属中这些不同的类群归属青篱竹属是合理的。17种竹种可聚为2大分支：其中斑苦竹(A，oleosa)、仙居苦竹(A．hsienchuensis)、茶秆竹(A．amabilis)、长叶苦竹(A．chino)、苦竹(A．amara)、宜兴苦竹(A．yixingensis)、菲白竹(A．fortunei)、翠竹(A．pygmaea)为一个分支；而大明竹(A．graminea)、巴山木竹(A．fargesii)、冷箭竹(A．faberi)、凤竹(A．hupehense)、鼓节矢竹(Pseudosasa japonica cv．Tsutsumiana)、矢竹(Pseudosasa japonica)、短穗竹(Brachystachyum densiflorum)、肿节竹(A．oedogonata)、少穗竹(A．sulcata)组合在另一分支。ITS系统发育树还表明，大明竹与巴山木竹、鼓节矢竹与矢竹、少穗竹与短穗竹和肿节竹关系极为密切，均得到较高的Bootstrap(分别为99％、100％和87％)的支持；茶秆竹与仙居苦竹关系非常密切，茶秆竹可归隶到青篱竹属中；翠竹和菲白竹关系密切，且与苦竹类竹种分为两个分支。

Phylogeny of the Genus Arundinaria Based on Nucleotide Sequences of nrDNA ITS Region

The sequences of nrDNA regions of 17 species and Phyllostachys edulis(outgroup) sampled,which are of represent and type species for different taxa in the genus Arundinaria,were analyzed by PCR amplification and direct DNA sequencing.The phylogenetic trees generated from maximum parsimony analysis showed that the sampled bamboos were naturally monophletic,appearing that these species of the bamboos belong to the genus Arundinaria.The internal transcribed spacers(ITS) data indicated that the species were divided into two branches,one including A.oleosa,A.hsienchuensis,A.chino,A.amara,A.yixingensis,A.amabilis,A.fortunei,and A.pygmaea,the other including A.graminea,A.fargesii,A.faberi,A.hupehensis,Pseudosasa japonica cv.Tsutsumiana,P.japonica,Brachystachyum densiflorum,A.oedogonata,and A.sulcata.The result also showed that there was close relationship between A.graminea and A.fargesii,Pseudosasa japonica cv.Tsutsumiana and P.japonica,A.sulcata,Brachystachyum densiflorum and A.oedogonata,(99%,100% and 82% bootstrap support respectively).Moreover,there was very close relationship between A.amabilis and A.hsienchuensis,indicating that A.amabilis belongs to the genus Arundinaria.It was shown in the phylogenetic tree that A.pygmaea and A.fortunei had close relationship,and were a sister branch to the bamboos of Pleioblastus.