中国外来入侵生物的空间分布格局及其影响因素

不同地理区域影响生物分布格局的因子不同，对外来入侵物种也是如此。在区域尺度上分析外来入侵生物的空间分布格局及其影响因子对预测生物入侵的影响及入侵种的控制管理具有重要意义。本研究应用中国外来入侵物种数据库、自然环境数据库和社会人文环境数据库，分析了我国外来入侵动植物的空间格局；并运用主成分分析（PCA）和典范对应分析（CCA）探讨了自然环境和人类活动等因素对外来入侵动植物分布格局的影响；同时研究了外来入侵物种多样性与本地物种多样性之间的关系。结果表明，我国现有外来入侵动物138种、入侵植物384种，其数量和密度都呈现出由东南沿海向西北内陆减少的趋势，且入侵动物和入侵植物空间格局基本一致；降水（MAP）是决定我国外来入侵动植物分布格局的主要自然环境因子，国民生产总值（GDP）是主要社会经济影响因子。在全国尺度上，外来入侵物种多样性与本地物种多样性之间呈显著的正相关关系，但地域间存在较大差异。不同区域外来入侵物种与本土物种多样性的相关关系表现出不同，与研究尺度有密切关系。

Spatial distribution of invasive alien animal and plant species and its influencing factors in China

The distribution of invasive alien species is influenced by abiotic and biotic factors.Understanding distribution patterns is crucial for prediction,risk prevention,and management of invasive alien species.Based on invasive alien species,environmental conditions,and anthropological factors,we used principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to explore the spatial distribution patterns and densities of invasive alien species and their determining factors in China.Furthermore,we analyzed the relationship between diversity of invasive alien and native species at both country and regional scales.Results showed that the number and density of invasive alien species (138 animal species;384 plant species) decreased from the southeast coast to inland northwest China and invasive animals and plants showed the same pattern.Our results indicated that mean annual precipitation (MAP) and gross domestic product (GDP) are key factors shaping the distribution patterns of invasive alien species in China.Invasive alien species diversity and native species diversity were significantly positively correlated with each other,though correlations differed in different regions,depending on the study scale.