富贵草杀灭钉螺效应研究

以富贵草(Pachysandra terminalis Sieb.et Zucc.)(以下简称PT)为实验材料,采用开放式浸杀法研究其植物原粉及提取物(PT-Ⅰ)对钉螺的杀灭效果和对鱼类的毒性作用。结果表明PT原粉浓度为17.5 mg/L时,钉螺72 h死亡率为93.4%,120 h死亡率达100.0%;其24、72、120、168 h的LC50分别为42.28、7.20、4.20、3.17 mg/L。PT原粉浓度为75.0 mg/L时,经168 h鱼死亡率为0。使用浓度为35.0、17.5、8.75、4.38 mg/L的PT原粉,分别浸泡1、2、18、42 h时,抑制钉螺上爬率均达到100%。原粉经提取分离得到PT-Ⅰ组分,以1.40 mg/L的PT-Ⅰ组分分别浸杀钉螺24、48、72、96、120 h,钉螺死亡率分别为36.7%、73.3%、96.7%、96.7%、100.0%。表明PT具有很好的杀灭钉螺、抑制钉螺上爬效果,且对鱼毒性较低,是一种较有研究价值的灭螺植物。

Study on the Effect of Killing Snail with Pachysandra terminalis

Effects of killing snails of the Pachysandra terminalis powder and the extraction(PT-Ⅰ) were studied by the open immersion method,and their toxicities to fish were studied too.The snail mortality was 93.4% for 72 h immersion,and 100.0% after 120 h immersion,with 17.5 mg/L P.terminalis powder.LC₅₀ of the P.terminalis powder to the snail for 24,72,120 and 168 h were 42.28,7.20,4.20,3.17 mg/L.The fish mortality was zero at the concentration of 75.0 mg/L for 168 h.After immersion for 1,2,18,42 h with 35.0,17.5,8.75 and 4.38 mg/L P.terminalis,the upward-climbing inhibition rate of the snail were 100.0%.The snail mortality were 36.7%,73.3%,96.7%,96.7% and 100.0% when they were immersed in the solution of 1.40 mg/L PT-Ⅰ for 24,48,72,96 and 120 h,respectively.The results suggested that P.terminalis have good effect of killing snail and high climbing-upward inhibition rate and it has lower toxicity to fish.Thus it could be a potential plant molluscicides.