陕西洋县药用植物群落土壤种子库特性研究

采用种子萌发法对洋县药用植物群落土壤种子库物种组成、单位面积种子密度、物种丰富度及与地上群落结构的关系进行了研究。结果显示,研究区内共有种子植物50种(包括药用植物21种),隶属于28科47属,其中草本植物45种、乔木5种;不同药用植物群落间土壤种子库种子密度差异显著,从大到小依次为:2年生凹叶厚朴(Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.subsp.biloba(Rehd.et Wils.)Law)4年生凹叶厚朴7年生凹叶厚朴11年生凹叶厚朴杜仲-凹叶厚朴(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver-Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.subsp.biloba(Rehd.et Wils.)Law)7年生厚朴(Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.)杜仲山茱萸(Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.)山茱萸-凹叶厚朴;土壤种子库具有表聚性,土层深度与种子数量成负相关;药用植物群落土壤种子库与地上群落结构相似性普遍较低。低林龄群落的土壤种子库密度大于高林龄群落,因此低林龄群落有利于天然更新,它们在植被恢复和生物多样性保护中的潜在价值更大。本研究结果可为洋县药用植物群落天然更新提供理论指导。

Research on Soil Seed Bank Characteristics of Medicinal Plant Communities in Yangxian,Shaanxi

Using the germination method, we researched soil seed bank composition, density, species richness, and similarity with aboveground vegetation structures in medicinal plant communities of Yangxian, Shaanxi, China. Results showed that: 50 plant species belonging to 28 families and 47 genera were recorded, and included 45 herbs, 5 arbors, and 21 medicinal plants. Soil seed density showed significant differences among the soil seed banks of the medicinal plant communities, which were, from high to low, 2-year-old Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. subsp. biloba (Rehd. et Wils.) Law, 4-year-old M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. subsp. biloba (Rehd. et Wils.) Law, 7-year-old M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. subsp. biloba (Rehd. et Wils.) Law, 11-year-old M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. subsp. biloba (Rehd. et Wils.) Law,Eucommia ulmoides Oliver-M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. subsp. biloba (Rehd. et Wils.) Law, 7-year-old Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils., E. ulmoides, Macrocarpium officinale Sieb. et Zucc., and M. officinale-M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. subsp. biloba (Rehd. et Wils.) Law. Soil seeds exhibited surface accumulation. Soil depth was negatively correlated with the number of seeds. The similarity between the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation structures was generally low. Soil seed bank density was higher for younger forest communities than for older forest communities, indicating that younger communities have higher potential value in regards to natural forest regeneration and biodiversity conservation. This study provides theoretical guidance for the natural regeneration of medicinal plant communities in Yangxian，China.