基于模糊数学的秦岭地区山茱萸生境适宜性评价

山茱萸(Cornus officinalis)是我国传统常用药材,本文采用模糊数学分析方法,对采自秦岭地区的山茱萸中马钱苷含量与21个评价因子的隶属函数进行拟合,同时采用最大信息熵模型确定各个评价因子的权重,利用ArcGIS 10空间分析模块模拟研究区域适宜山茱萸生长的潜在分布生境。结果表明,在山茱萸生境的21个评价因子中,主要影响因子为气候,其次是土壤和地形因子;所有评价因子中,土壤质地(TTEX)的权重最大,其次是果实生长期降水量(PG)、年降水量(AP)和降水季节性变化(PS)。研究区内山茱萸高适宜区面积占总面积的19.94%,主要分布在甘肃东南部、陕西南部和河南西部,这些区域温度适中、气候湿润、光照充足,适宜山茱萸生长;适宜区面积占总面积的11.85%,低适宜区面积占总面积的16.31%,不适宜区面积占总面积的51.90%。本研究基于GIS与模糊数学的生境适宜性评价模型,对秦岭地区山茱萸生境适宜性做出了科学划分,同时量化了不同生境区的评价因子对山茱萸的影响,可为山茱萸的管理和保护以及人工种植提供科学依据。

Habitat Suitability of Cornus officinalis in the Qinling Region Based on Fuzzy Mathematics

Cornus officinalis is a common traditional medicinal material. In this study, we simulated the potential geographical distribution of C. officinalis, and classified its habitat suitability based on 21 environmental factors and loganin contents. Fuzzy mathematics and maximum entropy were used to determine membership function and weight of each evaluation factor. We used the spatial analyst module of ArcGIS 10 to simulate the potential distribution of suitable habitat for C. officinalis growth in the study area. Results showed that climatic factors were the most important, followed by soil and topography. In the 21 evaluation factors, topsoil USDA texture classification (TTEX) had the greatest weight, followed by precipitation of growth (PG), annual precipitation (AP) and precipitation seasonality (PS). Highly suitable areas accounted for 19.94% of the study area, and were mainly distributed in southeast Gansu, south Shaanxi and west Henan. These areas exhibited suitable temperature, humidity and sunlight for C. officinalis growth. The percentages of suitable, low suitable and unsuitable areas for C. officinalis were 11.85%, 16.31% and 51.90%, respectively. Thus, the evaluation model based on GIS and fuzzy mathematics was appropriate for the determining habitat suitability for C. officinalis in the Qinling region, and was also able to quantify the effect of different environmental factors on C. officinalis in different habitats. This study provides scientific evidence for the management, protection and artificial cultivation of C. officinalis.