植物分枝模型

从生物体总是最有效地利用物质的思想出发,对植物分枝形状建立了一个数学模型。该模型认为,当主干与侧枝的截面积之间存在类似平行四边形法则的关系时,分枝的体积取极小值。该模型揭示植物分枝形态不仅符合力学平衡的原则,在进化上也有显著生物学意义。根据实测数据提出了偏移度的概念,认为分枝形态建成与个体内部枝条相互作用有关,植物分枝取向受空间效应影响时仍满足体积最小的原则。由于此模型具有随机性,遵循此模型的分枝可呈现千变万化的形式。模型将分枝角度与分枝截面积有机结合起来,可作为计算机模拟植物的方法。

MODEL OF PLANT BIFURCATION

Based on the idea that organisms always tend to make full use of materials,a mathematical model of plant bifurcation is set up on some experimental results. This model suggests that,when the relation “parallelogram rule” exists between main stem and sub-branches,the total volume of branches is minimal.This model reveals that plant branching not only meets the law of mechanical equilibrium,but also is important in the sense of evolution.A concept,diverge degree,is put forward on the measured data,which reveals that the structure of branches is associated with interaction of different branches in a plant.An analysis supports that bifurcations of plants still have optimal forms even their branching angles are affected by other factors such as space effect,etc.Because of the variety of the model,bifurcations have varied forms.The model does well in combining bifurcation angles and section areas of branches and it will improve the way by which plants are simulated by computers.