不同种源鹅掌楸苗木叶解剖性状的遗传多样性

以5个鹅掌楸种源的1年生苗木成熟叶片为材料,对叶表皮、叶片横切面及主脉横切面的16个解剖性状进行观察和变异性分析。结果表明:鹅掌楸叶解剖性状在种源间及种源内存在极丰富的变异,除下表皮密度在种源间差异不显著外,其余性状在种源间及种源内(包括下表皮密度)均存在极显著差异。种源间的平均表型分化系数为27.5%,说明鹅掌楸叶片结构的主要性状存在于种源内的变异(72.5%)远大于种源间的变异。鹅掌楸叶的解剖性状与地理生态因子的相关分析表明,其种源间的变异呈现梯度规律性,表皮各性状与经度、年均温呈负相关关系,叶片和主脉横切面各性状与经度、纬度大部分呈正相关关系,而与年降水量、年均温大都呈负相关关系。用种源间欧式距离进行UPGMA聚类,可将5个种源的鹅掌楸划分为3个类群。

Genetic diversity of leaves anatomical traits in different provenances of Liriodendron chinense seedlings

Using the mature leaves of one-year old seedlings of five Liriodendron chinense provenances as materials,the 16 anatomical traits of leaf epidermis,leaf cross section and main vein cross section were observed and variance analyzed. The results showed that there were abundant variances in leaves anatomical traits among/within L. chinense provenances. Highly significant differences existed in all anatomical traits among/within provenances except the lower epidermis density among provenances. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 27.5%; this indicated the variation of main leaves anatomical traits within provenances(72.5%)was obviously higher than that of traits among provenances. The correlations among the anatomical features,geography and climate were also analyzed. The results indicated that the variations among provenances had the gradient regularity,and there were negative correlations between all epidermis traits and longitude and mean annual temperature. Most of traits of leaves and main vein cross section there were positive correlations with longitude and latitude,however,most of them had negative correlations with mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature. According to the UPGMA cluster analysis based on the Euclidean distance,the five L. chinense provenances could be divided into three groups.