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不同储存条件对大麻化学稳定性的影响
引用本文:孙维来,赵彦彪,郑晓雨,曾令华,高利生,刘 耀,郑 珲.不同储存条件对大麻化学稳定性的影响[J].广西植物,2017,37(9):1204-1212.
作者姓名:孙维来  赵彦彪  郑晓雨  曾令华  高利生  刘 耀  郑 珲
作者单位:1. 中国人民公安大学 刑事科学技术学院,北京,100038;2. 公安部物证鉴定中心,北京,100038;3. 中国人民公安大学 刑事科学技术学院,北京100038;公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038
基金项目:国家重大仪器研发专项项目(2012YQ12004910)[Supported by the National Key Instrument Program(2012YQ12004910)]。 作者简介: 孙维来(1990-),男,山东泰安人,博士研究生,研究方向为毒物毒品分析,(E-mail)1033675040@qq.com。
摘    要:为探讨光照和温度对大麻植物中大麻酚类稳定性的影响,该研究将大麻植物检材以固体粉末和甲醇提取溶液的形式分别在室温(22±2)℃见光、室温(22±2)℃避光、4℃避光、-20℃避光条件下储存20 d后,采用超高效液相(UPLC-PDA)检测分析样本中Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC)、大麻二酚(CBD)和大麻酚(CBN)的含量变化情况。结果表明:3种大麻酚类在不同化学表型大麻中的含量变化趋势相同,固体粉末样本的Δ9-THC、CBD含量在室温光照条件下显著下降,CBN含量基本不变;甲醇提取样本中Δ9-THC、CBN和CBD含量在室温光照条件下均显著下降。避光条件下的室温(22±2)℃及低温(4℃、-20℃)可稳定保存两种形式的大麻样本。大麻中的精神活性成分Δ9-THC的降解满足一级反应动力学规律,光照是影响Δ9-THC降解的重要因素,如果在室温避光条件下储存,大麻或其甲醇提取物可稳定保存,可以更好地指导司法实践活动中短期内大麻检材的取证、运送、保存及鉴定。

关 键 词:大麻  Δ9-四氢大麻酚  大麻酚  大麻二酚  稳定性  降解动力学
收稿时间:2017/6/20 0:00:00
修稿时间:2017/8/8 0:00:00

Effects of storage conditions on the chemical potency of Cannabis
SUN Wei-Lai,ZHAO Yan-Biao,ZHENG Xiao-Yu,ZENG Ling-Hu,GAO Li-Sheng,LIU Yao,ZHENG Hui.Effects of storage conditions on the chemical potency of Cannabis[J].Guihaia,2017,37(9):1204-1212.
Authors:SUN Wei-Lai  ZHAO Yan-Biao  ZHENG Xiao-Yu  ZENG Ling-Hu  GAO Li-Sheng  LIU Yao  ZHENG Hui
Institution:1. College of Criminal Science and Technology, People''s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China; 2. Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
Abstract:Cannabis is one of the most common drugs of abuse worldwide. The major cannabinoids in cannabis plants are relatively unstable and their contents may vary in different storage conditions. The aim of the present study was to investi-gate the effects of light and temperature on the stability of cannabinoids in Cannabis plants. The levels ofΔ9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (Δ9-THC) , cannabinol ( CBN) and cannabidiol ( CBD) in different chemical phenotypes cannabis powders and methanol extracts were respectively measured for up to 20 d storage in natural light at laboratory temperature ( 22 ±2)℃ and in darkness at laboratory temperature (22 ± 2)℃, 4℃ and-20℃, using the method of ultra-high perform-ance liquid chromatography (UPLC-PDA). The results showed that the changes in contents of the three cannabinoids in different chemical phenotypes were the same. The degradation ofΔ9-THC and CBD were pronounced and the content of CBN was almost unchanged for the solid samples exposed to light at ( 22 ± 2)℃. The contents of Δ9-THC, CBN and CBD in methanol extracts exposed to light at (22 ± 2)℃ were significantly decreased. Cannabis plants and Cannabis ex-tracts can be stored in darkness at laboratory temperature ( 22 ± 2)℃, 4℃ and -20℃. The degradation of the main psychoactive component Δ9-THC in Cannabis satisfied the rule of first-order reaction kinetics, and the above-mentioned regular pattern was used to study the change of the contents of Δ9-THC in different storage conditions. It is concluded that light is an important factor affecting the degradation ofΔ9-THC. Cannabis powders or extracts are reasonably stable if stored in the dark at room temperature. It is better to guide the collection, transportation, preservation and identifica-tion of Cannabis materials in judicial practice in a short period of time.
Keywords:Cannabis  Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)  cannabinol ( CBN)  cannabidiol ( CBD)  stability  deg-radation kinetics
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