青藏高原东缘28种风毛菊属植物花粉形态研究

通过扫描电镜对青藏高原高寒草甸风毛菊属28种多年生草本植物的花粉进行了形态观察和比较,结果显示,该属植物花粉形态较为一致。花粉近球形或长球形,极面观三裂圆形,三孔沟,外壁表面具刺状突起。刺间纹饰可分为4种类型:穴状、颗粒状、网状—颗粒状和网状。花粉形态没有大的差异,但刺间表面纹饰、萌发沟的宽窄、刺的大小、分布密度和花粉大小在种间存在差异,可作为种的分类依据。花粉特征聚类分析结果表明,此28种风毛菊属植物花粉大致划分为明显的5个类群,所包含的种分别隶属于风毛菊属的四亚属:雪兔子亚属、雪莲亚属、附片亚属和风毛菊亚属。

Pollen characteristics of twenty-eight species of Saussurea in alpine meadow of the eastern fringe of the Qinghai-tibetan Plateau

Pollen morphology of 28 species of Saussurea in alpine meadow of the eastern fringe of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was observed by scanning electron microscope and compared. Results show that the pollen morphology in this genus is highly unanimous. The pollen grains are sub-spherical or prolat with 3 colpora, 3 lobate circular in polar view. By the ornamentation, the pollen grains of the genus can be divided into 4 types, fovedate, granules, reticulategranules and reticulate. Some interspecific differences exist in exine ornamentation,colpus width,spinulate size,distribution density and pollen size. Based on cluster analysis, the pollen morphology of this genus could be divided into five groups belonging to subgen. Eriocoryne, subgen. Amphilaena, subgen. Theodorea and subgen. Saussurea respectively.