滇中常绿阔叶林及云南松林枯落物的初步研究

本文以滇中高原为背景。研究了通海秀山常绿阔叶林及云南松林的凋落物的数量、组成、季节变化规律、营养元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Mn、Fe)含量、以及林地枯枝落叶层的现量,研究结果表明滇中地区森林的年凋落量是较大的,营养元素含量及贮量也是丰富的。两类森存林的凋落规律相似,常绿阔叶林的凋落量、营养元素含量及其贮量都大于云南松林,但两类森林的枯枝落叶现存量则相接近,说明常绿阔叶林的物质循环周期较云南松林短。文章提出为了提高森林土壤肥力、加快生物循环过程,增加生物产量,要注意保存林地内还原于土壤中的所有凋落物。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE LITTER-FALL IN EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FOREST AND PINUS YUNNANENSIS FOREST IN THE MIDDLE OF YUNNAN PROVINCE

The composition, quantity, element content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Fe, and seasonal change patterns of litter-fall as well as standing crop of litter-fall on forest floor were studies in Tong Hai county of Yunnan province in this paperThe results show that the mean annul total dry weight of litter-fall in the Pinus yunnanensis forest is up to 3.6 t/ha, while in evergreen broad-leaved forest it is 5.5 t/ha. The seasonal change patterns of falling in both types are similar, and it exhibits two falling peaks ( main peak in April-May and secondary peak in November-December ) in a year. The order of the chemical components of litter-fall in the Pinus yunnanensis forest tend to be Ca>N>K>Mg>P>Fe>Mn>Cu, in evergreen broad-leaved forest it is Ca>N>K>Mg>Fe>Mn>P>Cu, the total amount of elements in evergreen broad-leaved forest is greater than that in Pinus yunnanensis forest. About 72 -82℃ of the contents of chemical elements in both types are rich in the leaves.The standing crop of litter-fall on forest floor in evergreen broad-leaved forest is slightly greater than that in Pinus yunnanensis forest.