白花油麻藤的地理分布及适生区预测

白花油麻藤是豆科黧豆属大型木质藤本植物。运用Diva-Gis软件,结合海拔高度图层和植被图层绘制了白花油麻藤的地理分布图,分析了白花油麻藤的分布规律和生境特性;以Maxent模型作为物种适生性预测模型,温度和降水作为预测的环境因子,预测了白花油麻藤在中国的适生区。结果表明:白花油麻藤在中国27.5°N以南中低海拔10～1200m有分布,如山坡、路旁、沟谷、溪边及林下灌丛;喜温暖湿润气候,广东为白花油麻藤分布最为密集的地区。白花油麻藤的分布与植被类型和海拔有着密切的关系,分布区的植被类型为亚热带常绿阔叶林和热带季雨林,随着植被分布密度的降低和海拔的升高白花油麻藤的分布范围和分布密度呈逐渐缩小的趋势。白花油麻藤在中国的潜在分布区为粤、桂、闽、港、澳、滇、琼、赣、川、黔、藏、湘、浙等省区及交界处,其种质资源的保存及其利用应考虑其潜在分布区。

Research on geographic distribution and potential distribution of Mucuna birdwoodiana

Mucuna birdwoodiana in the genus mucuna,is large woody vine.In this paper,the geographic distribution maps of M.birdwoodiana were drawn,and its distribution regularities and habitat characteristics were also analyzed by virtue of Diva-Gis software on altitude layer and vegetation layer.The natural potential distribution regions of M.birdwoodiana in China were estimated based on the Maxent model as prediction model,temperature and precipitation as environment variables.The results showed that Mucuna birdwoodiana was distributed from low to medium altitude of south China below 27.5°N,such as mountain slope,wayside,cleugh,stream and underbrush.M.birdwoodiana,preferring to warmth humid climate,was enriched in Guangdong Province.The geographical distribution of M.birdwoodiana was closely related to vegetation type and altitude.The vegetation types of distribution region were mainly subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest and tropical seasonal rain forest.The distribution region and the distribution density tend to decrease with the reducing vegetation distribution density and the increasing altitude.Potential distribution estimation indicated that M.birdwoodiana may distribute in Guangdong,Guangxi,Fujian,Hongkong,Macao,Yunnan,Hainan,Jiangxi,Sichuan,Guizhou,Xinjiang,Zhejiang and their junctions.It suggested that the preserve and utilization of germplasm resource should be considered to the potential distribution region.