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柚树(Citrus grandis)叶片光合作用对补增UV-B辐射的响应
引用本文:孙谷畴,赵平,曾小平,彭少麟.柚树(Citrus grandis)叶片光合作用对补增UV-B辐射的响应[J].广西植物,2001,21(1):72-76.
作者姓名:孙谷畴  赵平  曾小平  彭少麟
作者单位:1. 中国科学院华南植物研究所,
2. 中国科学院广州分院,
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重大研究项目(39899370)、广东省自然科学基金重大项目(980952)、中国科学院95重大项目(KZ951-B1-110)和中、日、美退化坡地绿色食品生产研究项目。
摘    要:生长在人工光照 4 0 0μmol m- 2 s- 1 下的柚树幼树光合速率的最大值为 1 0 .2± 0 .5μmol m- 2 s- 1 ;而补增UV-B辐射 ( 3.8-4 .2μW cm- 2 ,2 4 5~ 2 97nm,4 5d)的叶片则为 6.4± 0 .8μmol m- 2 s- 1 ,较对照植株降低37.2 %。对照植物的表观量子产率 (固定 mol CO2 mol- 1量子 )为 0 .0 75± 0 .0 1 2 ,而经 UV-B辐射处理植株则为0 .0 4 1± 0 .0 0 8,明显较对照植株低。UV-B辐射处理使植株叶片的光呼吸和不包括光呼吸的 CO2 补偿点增高。对照植株叶片的最大值的 CO2 羧化速率 (μmol m- 2 s- 1 )为 57.1± 1 .5μmol m- 2 s- 1 ,较 UV-B辐射处理的高30 .9% ,而 UV-B辐射处理的植株的光合电子传递速率较对照低 30 %。同时 UV-B辐射植株叶片有较低的光能转化效率 ,其较对照低 39.1 % ,叶片亦含有较低的叶绿素含量。结果表明 ,UV-B辐射明显抑制叶片光合羧化速率和光合电子传递速率 ,UV-B辐射可能抑制包括 Rubisco羧化作用在内的多个光合生理过程 ,降低叶片光合速率。柚树叶片对 UV-B辐射敏感 ,选育抗 UV-B辐射的柚树品种势在必行。

关 键 词:柚树  补增UV-B辐射  叶片光合参数
文章编号:1000-3142(2001)01-0072-05
修稿时间:1999年11月29

Photosynthetic response in leaves of Citrus grandis to supplementary UV-B irradiation
SUN Gu-chou,ZHAO Ping,ZENG Xiao-ping,PENG Shao-lin.Photosynthetic response in leaves of Citrus grandis to supplementary UV-B irradiation[J].Guihaia,2001,21(1):72-76.
Authors:SUN Gu-chou  ZHAO Ping  ZENG Xiao-ping  PENG Shao-lin
Abstract:The approximately maximum photosynthetic rate was 10.2±0.5 tμmol m-2 s-1 in leaves of Citrus grandis. Whereas the value was 6.4±0.8 μmol m-2 s-1in leaves exposed to the supplementary UV-B irradiaton (3.4-4.2 tμW cm-2, 245~297 nm,45 d). It decreased by 37.2 % as compared with control plants. The appar ent quantum yield 〔μmol CO2 uptake mol-1 (photons)-1〕 was 0. 075±0. 012 in leaves of control plants, whereas 0. 041± 0. 008 in leaves of UV-B treated plant. It was lower than that of control plants significantly. The ap proximately maximum carboxylation rate in control plants was 57.1±1.5 μmol m-2 s-1. That was higher than that of the UV-B treated plant by 30.9%. And the approximately maximum rate of electron transport declined by 30% in leaves of UV-B treated plants as compared with the control plants. The LIV-B treated plants also had lower efficiency of light energy conversion and chlorophyll content. It may suggest that photosynthetic car boxylation rate and electron transport rate were suppressed by UV-Birradiation. And muliprocession of photo synthesis was inhibited when UV-B irradiation was supplied.
Keywords:Citrus grandis  supplementary UV  B irradiation  photosynthetic parameters
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