杂交水稻产量性状配合力研究

利用 9个不育系和 7个恢复系配制 40个杂交组合 ,对 6个产量性状的亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力效应进行分析。结果表明 ,杂种一代 (F1)各性状的形成同时受亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力的影响。单株穗数、每穗总粒数、千粒重三性状主要受一般配合力作用 ;每穗实粒数、结实率、单株粒重三性状则一般配合力和组合特殊配合力的作用同样明显 ,或特殊配合力作用更明显些。不育系珍汕 97A、龙特浦A、K1 8A和恢复系明恢 63、直龙、1 0 2 5的一般配合力高 ,利用它们容易配制出高产组合。两年试验结果千粒重、单株粒重二性状的形成均是不育系的作用大于恢复系 ,近期育种工作重点应放在不育系的选育上。

Study on the combining ability of the yield-traits in hybrid rice

MS lines and 7 restorers were used to make 40 combinations. The general combining ability (GCA) and the special combining ability (SCA) on 6 yield-related traits of the parents were studied. The result showed: the forming of these traits in hybrid F_1 was influenced by both GCV and SCV. Panicles per plant, spikelets per panicle and the 1000-grain weight were mainly controlled by GCV, while GCV and SCV effected on filled grains per panicle, seed setting rate and grains weight per plant were the same importance, or SCV was a little more important. The three CMS lines Zhenshan 97A, Longtepu A and K18A, and the three restorers Minghui 63, Zhilong and 1025 showed good GCV, hybrids from them showed generally high heterosis. The maternal influence on two traits, the 1000-grain weight and the grains weight per plant was much higher than those on the other traits. In hybrid rice breeding, more attention would be paid to male sterile lines improvement in the near future.