罗霄山脉中段地区银木荷群落研究

为充实罗霄山脉地区的植被类型研究,探讨银木荷群落与海拔和纬度的关系,该文采用群落学研究方法,调查了罗霄山脉中段井冈山、齐云山、南风面和五指峰4处典型的银木荷群落。结果表明:(1)4个群落分别有维管植物30科50属84种、45科70属106种、33科47属78种和38科66属99种。(2)银木荷在井冈山和齐云山中均为优势种,其重要值在群落中最高; 在南风面和五指峰中为次优势种。(3)井冈山、齐云山和五指峰的银木荷群落物种丰富度高,且分布均匀。南风面的银木荷群落物种丰富度偏低,且分布不甚均匀。(4)4个群落中银木荷所处的演替阶段不同,井冈山和齐云山种群为从稳定型向衰退型的过渡,南风面种群处于衰退型,五指峰种群经历一段时间的衰退后,可重新侵入到群落中。(5)4个群落的高位芽植物均高于总种数的75%,地下芽植物和地面芽植物为其次。4个银木荷群落可分为2类:第1类是南风面群落,以猴头杜鹃(Rhododendron simiarum)林的特点为主; 第2类是井冈山、齐云山和五指峰群落,其群落种类丰富,生物多样性高,以热带性属为主,物种数量随海拔增高而减少,随纬度升高而减少。银木荷群落是中亚热带常绿阔叶林的典型代表,不同演替阶段银木荷群落同时存在是罗霄山脉中段地区作为植物栖息地的又一明证。

Schima argentea communities in the middle Luoxiao Mountains

Schima argentea is a tall evergreen tree of Theaceae. It is often used as a fire-resistant species for afforestation. It has important ecological value. Luoxiao Mountains is an important habitat in eastern Asia. Four typical S. argentea communities in the middle Luoxiao Mountains, including Jinggang Mountain, Qiyun Mountain, Nanfengmian Mountain and Wuzhifeng Mountain, are studied with the method of community studies. This can help to enrich vegetation types study in Luoxiao Mountains. It can also help to explore relationship among S. argentea, altitude and latitude. The results were as follows:(1)The four communities separately contain vascular plants 84 species in 50 genera in 30 families, 106 species in 70 genera in 45 families, 78 species in 47 genera in 33 families, and 99 species in 66 genera in 38 families.(2)S. argentea is the dominant species in Jinggang Mountain and Qiyun Mountain, and it has the highest important value in the community, while it is the secondary dominant species in Nanfengmian Mountain and Wuzhifeng Mountain.(3)In Jinggang Mountain, Qiyun Mountain and Wuzhifeng Mountain, species richness is high and species distribute evenly, while in Nanfengmian Mountain, species richness is low and species distribute unevenly.(4)The succession stages of S. argentea population are different in the four communities. Jinggang Mountain and Qiyun Mountain populations are from stable stage to decaying stage. Nanfengmian Mountain population is in the decaying stage. Wuzhifeng Mountain population is in decaying stage, but it will re-invade into the community in the future.(5)Phanerophytes in all communities are above 75% of the total species, followed by geophytes and hemicryptophytes. In conclusion, four communities are divided into two types: one is the Nanfengmian Mountain community, mainly characterized by Rhododendron simiarum forest; the other is the communities of Jinggang Mountain, Qiyun Mountain and Wuzhifeng Mountain, which has abundant species, high biodiversity and tropical genera. The species number decreases with the increase of altitude, and decreases with the increase of latitude. Schima argentea communities are typical representatives of evergreen broad-leaved forest in the middle subtropical zone. The coexistence of S. argentea communities at different succession stages is another proof that the middle Luoxiao Mountains is a plant habitat.