23种中草药体外抗菌活性筛选

为研究23种中草药的80%乙醇提取物对4种临床常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性,该研究用琼脂扩散法测定抑菌圈直径,微量肉汤培养基倍比稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration,MBC/MFC)。结果表明:滇龙胆草、金丝梅、溪黄草等16种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC/MBC值在0.19～3.12 mg·mL^-1之间,有很强的抑菌活性。头花蓼、淡竹叶、半枝莲等14种提取物对铜绿假单胞菌的MIC/MBC值在1.56～6.25 mg·mL^-1之间,有较强的抑菌活性。除槐角外,其余提取物对大肠埃希菌的MIC/MBC值均在3.12～12.5 mg·mL^-1之间,有较强的抑菌活性。黄藤、藿香提取物对白色念珠菌的MIC/MFC值在0.78～6.25 mg·mL^-1之间,有较强的抑菌活性; 滇龙胆草、金丝梅、水杨梅、苦参、胡椒、赶黄草、荜菝、淡竹叶提取物对白色念珠菌的MIC/MFC值在6.25～12.5 mg·mL^-1之间,也具有一定抑菌活性。因此,所选中草药的抑菌效果均较好,大部分均具有广谱抗菌活性。其中,藿香、黄藤的提取物对白色念珠菌抑菌活性较强,金丝梅、水杨梅、仙鹤草、苦参、赶黄草、溪黄草的提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌活性很强,这几种中草药可为进一步追踪其活性单体化合物和作用机制提供一定的参考。

Screening of antibacterial activity of 23 Chinese herbal medicines in vitro

In this study, we selected 80% ethanol extract from 23 Chinese herbal medicine extracts to resist the activity of four common pathogens in vitro. The diameter of the zone of inhibition was determined by agar diffusion method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration(MBC/MFC)were determined by micro-broth culture. The results were as follows: MIC/MBC values of 16 kinds of extracts Gentiana rigescens, Hypericum patulum and Rabdosia serra were 0.19 to 3.12 mg·mL^-1, which had very strong antibacterial activities to Staphylococcus accreus. The MIC/MBC values of 14 kinds of extracts Polygonum capitatum, Lophatherum gracile and Scutellaria barbata were 1.56 to 6.25 mg·mL^-1, which had good antibacterial activities to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition to the Sophora japonica extract, the MIC/MBC values of other extracts were 3.12 to 12.5 mg·mL^-1, which had good antibacterial activities to Escherichia coli. The MIC/MFC values of Agastache rugosa and Daemonorops margaritae extracts were 0.78 to 6.25 mg·mL^-1, which had strong antibacterial activities to Candida albicans; The MIC/MFC value of Gentiana rigescens, Hypericum patulum, Geumja ponicum, Sophora flavescens, Piper nigrum, Penthorum chinense, Piper longum and Lophatherum gracile extracts were 6.25 to 12.5 mg·mL^-1, which also had certain antibacterial activities to Candida albicans. Therefore, these selected Chinese herbal medicines had good antibacterial effects, and most of them had broad-spectrum antibacterial activities, but Agastache rugosa and Daemonorops margaritae, which had strong antibacterial activity for Candida albicans, and other Chinese herbal medicines had strong antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, such as Hypericum patulum, Geumja ponicum, Agrimonia pilosa, Sophora flavescens, Penthorum chinense, Rabdosia serra. Above several kinds of Chinese herbal medicines can provide some reference for further reachering of its active monomer compounds and mechanism of action.