鹅观草与大鹅观草杂种的细胞遗传学及形态学研究

大鹅观草（ Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ Ｋｅｎｇ） 是分布于我国陕西的一种多年生四倍体植物。为了探索大鹅观草与鹅观草（ Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ ｋａｍｏｊｉ Ｏｈｗｉ） 间的物种生物学关系， 通过对其进行远缘杂交，幼胚离体培养， 合成了远缘杂种； 并对亲本及杂种Ｆ１ 代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对行为及形态学进行了研究。结果表明杂种Ｆ１ 减数分裂染色体配对平均构型为： Ｒ－ ｋａｍｏｊｉ ×Ｒ－ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ１０－２６ Ⅰ＋ １２－３７ Ⅱ（ｃ－ 值＝ ０－７４） ， 大鹅观草与鹅观草所含的ＳＹ 染色体组间存在较大的同源性分化； 杂种穗部特征大多数介于双亲之间。

Cytogenetic and morphological studies of hybrids between Roegneria kamoji and Roegneria grandis(Poaceae:Triticeae)

Roegneria grandis Keng is tetraploid perennial grass of tribe Triticeae native to China Roegneria kamogi Ohwi and Roegneria grandis were crossed, for the study of their biosymtematic relationships, with the aid of emboyo rescue Interspecific hybridizations were easy to be performed from the combinations Chromosome pairing behaviour at metaphase Ⅰ and morphological characteristics in the parents and hybrids were studied Meiotic configurations were 10 26Ⅰ+12 37Ⅱ(c-value=0 74) for R kamoji ×R grandis It can be concluded that considerable differentiation of the SY genome occured between R grandis and R kamoji, Most of the hybrid morphology was intermediate between the parents